Extra 40 multiple-choice questions (MCQs) of Chapter 8, Law and Social Justice, from Class 8 Civics (CBSE):-
1. What is the main objective of laws in a society?
a) To punish people
b) To maintain order and ensure justice
c) To increase government power
d) To help only the rich
Answer: b) To maintain order and ensure justice
2. Which of the following is an example of social justice?
a) Equal pay for equal work
b) Higher wages for men than women
c) Rich people getting more privileges
d) Denying education to poor children
Answer: a) Equal pay for equal work
3. Which law ensures the protection of workers in factories?
a) Environment Protection Act
b) Factory Act
c) Land Acquisition Act
d) Consumer Protection Act
Answer: b) Factory Act
4. What does the Minimum Wages Act ensure?
a) People work without wages
b) Workers get at least a fixed minimum wage
c) Workers can be paid any amount by employers
d) No wages are given to laborers
Answer: b) Workers get at least a fixed minimum wage
5. What is child labor?
a) Employing children in any work that affects their education and health
b) Letting children work in their free time
c) Teaching children household chores
d) Allowing children to work for fun
Answer: a) Employing children in any work that affects their education and health
6. The Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act bans employment of children below the age of:
a) 14 years
b) 16 years
c) 18 years
d) 21 years
Answer: a) 14 years
7. What is the purpose of environmental laws?
a) To protect industries from government interference
b) To ensure economic growth at any cost
c) To safeguard the environment from pollution and exploitation
d) To ban all industries
Answer: c) To safeguard the environment from pollution and exploitation
8. What does the Environment Protection Act, 1986 focus on?
a) Controlling pollution and protecting the environment
b) Increasing industrial production
c) Promoting mining activities
d) Building more factories
Answer: a) Controlling pollution and protecting the environment
9. Why is it important to enforce laws?
a) To make life difficult for people
b) To protect people's rights and ensure justice
c) To increase government revenue
d) To support only wealthy individuals
Answer: b) To protect people's rights and ensure justice
10. What is the full form of Bhopal Gas Tragedy?
a) Bhopal General Accident Tragedy
b) Bhopal Gas Leakage Tragedy
c) Bhopal Gas Disaster Tragedy
d) Bhopal Gas Chemical Explosion
Answer: b) Bhopal Gas Leakage Tragedy
11. The Bhopal Gas Tragedy occurred due to leakage of which gas?
a) Carbon monoxide
b) Methane
c) Methyl isocyanate
d) Sulfur dioxide
Answer: c) Methyl isocyanate
12. In which year did the Bhopal Gas Tragedy occur?
a) 1980
b) 1982
c) 1984
d) 1986
Answer: c) 1984
13. Which company was responsible for the Bhopal Gas Tragedy?
a) Union Carbide
b) Reliance Industries
c) Tata Chemicals
d) Indian Oil Corporation
Answer: a) Union Carbide
14. Why do we need laws to protect the environment?
a) To allow industries to exploit natural resources
b) To ensure a safe and healthy environment for all
c) To restrict the government’s powers
d) To increase pollution levels
Answer: b) To ensure a safe and healthy environment for all
15. What is the role of the government in ensuring social justice?
a) Protecting the interests of only rich people
b) Ensuring equal opportunities and rights for all
c) Supporting child labor
d) Promoting industrial pollution
Answer: b) Ensuring equal opportunities and rights for all
16. What does the Right to Education Act ensure?
a) Free and compulsory education for children aged 6-14
b) Education only for rich children
c) Private schools can charge high fees
d) No need for school education
Answer: a) Free and compulsory education for children aged 6-14
17. What is the main reason for implementing labor laws?
a) To exploit workers
b) To protect workers’ rights and ensure fair wages
c) To increase industrial profits
d) To force workers to work long hours
Answer: b) To protect workers’ rights and ensure fair wages
18. Why should laws be enforced strictly?
a) To prevent violations and ensure justice
b) To allow industries to do anything they want
c) To increase corruption
d) To make laws irrelevant
Answer: a) To prevent violations and ensure justice
19. What happens when environmental laws are not followed?
a) No impact on people’s lives
b) Increase in pollution and health problems
c) Industries become more successful
d) Economic growth improves
Answer: b) Increase in pollution and health problems
20. Who is responsible for enforcing labor laws in India?
a) Industrialists
b) Government
c) Non-government organizations
d) Common citizens
Answer: b) Government
21. What is one major issue faced by workers in unorganized sectors?
a) High salaries
b) Job security and fair wages
c) Excessive government protection
d) Limited working hours
Answer: b) Job security and fair wages
22. What is the purpose of social justice laws?
a) To give special rights to certain groups
b) To ensure equality and protect weaker sections of society
c) To benefit only industrialists
d) To encourage discrimination
Answer: b) To ensure equality and protect weaker sections of society
23. Which fundamental right protects against child labor?
a) Right to Equality
b) Right to Freedom
c) Right Against Exploitation
d) Right to Constitutional Remedies
Answer: c) Right Against Exploitation
24. Which body is responsible for monitoring environmental pollution in India?
a) Reserve Bank of India
b) Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB)
c) Election Commission of India
d) Indian Space Research Organisation
Answer: b) Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB)
25. Why do industries prefer hiring children in factories?
a) Because children are stronger
b) Because children demand lower wages and work longer hours
c) Because children have more skills
d) Because children are better at handling machines
Answer: b) Because children demand lower wages and work longer hours
26. What is the main objective of the Right to Information (RTI) Act?
a) To provide confidential data to businesses
b) To allow people access to government information and promote transparency
c) To restrict access to government policies
d) To control media freedom
Answer: b) To allow people access to government information and promote transparency
27. What does the term ‘living wage’ mean?
a) The highest salary in a company
b) A wage that provides a worker with basic needs like food, shelter, and education
c) A salary given only to government employees
d) A wage paid only in rural areas
Answer: b) A wage that provides a worker with basic needs like food, shelter, and education
28. What role do trade unions play in labor rights?
a) They help employers reduce wages
b) They support workers in demanding better wages and working conditions
c) They force workers to work overtime
d) They only benefit government employees
Answer: b) They support workers in demanding better wages and working conditions
29. Why are small farmers often unable to demand fair wages?
a) Because they earn a lot of money
b) Because they depend on landlords for survival and have no bargaining power
c) Because the government pays them high salaries
d) Because they do not need money
Answer: b) Because they depend on landlords for survival and have no bargaining power
30. Why is it difficult to enforce environmental laws in India?
a) Lack of strict government action and industrial influence
b) People do not pollute the environment
c) Industries willingly follow all laws
d) There are no environmental laws in India
Answer: a) Lack of strict government action and industrial influence
31. What does the Consumer Protection Act aim to do?
a) Protect the rights of consumers against unfair trade practices
b) Increase the profits of businesses
c) Reduce government intervention in the market
d) Allow companies to charge high prices
Answer: a) Protect the rights of consumers against unfair trade practices
32. Which international organization is concerned with child labor issues?
a) World Health Organization (WHO)
b) United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF)
c) International Labour Organization (ILO)
d) World Trade Organization (WTO)
Answer: c) International Labour Organization (ILO)
33. What is an example of a violation of workers’ rights?
a) Providing safe working conditions
b) Forcing workers to work in unsafe environments without fair wages
c) Offering fair salaries to all workers
d) Giving paid leave to workers
Answer: b) Forcing workers to work in unsafe environments without fair wages
34. Which law protects women from workplace harassment?
a) Maternity Benefit Act
b) Protection of Women from Sexual Harassment at Workplace Act
c) Factories Act
d) Mines and Minerals Act
Answer: b) Protection of Women from Sexual Harassment at Workplace Act
35. What was the main reason for the delay in justice for Bhopal Gas Tragedy victims?
a) Lack of evidence
b) Legal battles and lack of strict laws against multinational companies
c) Government support to victims
d) Quick compensation to victims
Answer: b) Legal battles and lack of strict laws against multinational companies
36. What does "social justice" mean?
a) Treating everyone equally and providing fair opportunities
b) Giving more benefits to rich people
c) Allowing employers to exploit workers
d) Denying basic rights to the poor
Answer: a) Treating everyone equally and providing fair opportunities
37. Why do many people in India not get access to social justice?
a) Unequal distribution of resources and discrimination
b) Because everyone is treated equally
c) Because laws are enforced strictly
d) Because people do not want justice
Answer: a) Unequal distribution of resources and discrimination
38. What does "Occupational Safety" refer to?
a) Protecting workers from health hazards and workplace accidents
b) Forcing workers to do risky jobs
c) Allowing employers to ignore safety measures
d) Paying workers lower salaries
Answer: a) Protecting workers from health hazards and workplace accidents
39. How can citizens help in ensuring environmental protection?
a) By following environmental laws, reducing pollution, and raising awareness
b) By ignoring waste disposal regulations
c) By encouraging industries to pollute
d) By cutting more trees
Answer: a) By following environmental laws, reducing pollution, and raising awareness
40. What should the government do to improve social justice in India?
a) Implement and enforce laws strictly
b) Ignore issues of inequality
c) Allow industries to function without rules
d) Provide benefits only to the rich
Answer: a) Implement and enforce laws strictly
