PSYCHOLOGY NCET EXAM QUESTION SET 3
Section 1: Sensory and Perceptual Processes
The minimum amount of physical energy needed to produce a sensory experience is:
A. Difference threshold
B. Absolute threshold
C. Terminal threshold
D. Sensory adaptation
Answer: B
Which Gestalt principle explains our tendency to perceive objects that are close to each other as a group?
A. Similarity
B. Continuity
C. Proximity
D. Closure
Answer: C
The 'Phi-Phenomenon' is associated with the perception of:
A. Depth
B. Movement (Illusion of motion)
C. Color
D. Size
Answer: B (Rationale: Seeing a series of static images as moving, like in a cinema.)
Which of the following is a 'Binocular Cue' for depth perception?
A. Linear perspective
B. Retinal disparity
C. Texture gradient
D. Relative size
Answer: B (Rationale: It requires both eyes to compare two different images.)
The 'After-image' effect is best explained by which theory of color vision?
A. Trichromatic theory
B. Opponent-process theory
C. Signal detection theory
D. Frequency theory
Answer: B
The 'Ames Room' illusion primarily manipulates our perception of:
A. Color
B. Size and distance
C. Sound
D. Texture
Answer: B
The process by which the lens changes its shape to focus on near or distant objects is:
A. Adaptation
B. Accommodation
C. Convergence
D. Assimilation
Answer: B
'Top-down processing' in perception is driven by:
A. Sensory data from the environment
B. Expectations, knowledge, and prior experience
C. Genetic mapping
D. Random neural firing
Answer: B
Which part of the ear contains the 'Organ of Corti', the actual receptor for hearing?
A. Pinna
B. Eardrum
C. Cochlea
D. Auditory canal
Answer: C
The 'Müller-Lyer' illusion involves the misperception of:
A. Circle size
B. Line length
C. Color brightness
D. Weight
Answer: B (Rationale: The lines with inward/outward pointing arrows.)
Section 2: Learning and Conditioning
In Classical Conditioning, 'Extinction' occurs when:
A. The US is presented without the CS
B. The CS is repeatedly presented without the US
C. The participant gets tired
D. A new reward is introduced
Answer: B
A child being praised for every 5th correct math problem is on a:
A. Fixed-Interval schedule
B. Variable-Interval schedule
C. Fixed-Ratio schedule
D. Variable-Ratio schedule
Answer: C
'Latent Learning' was a concept introduced by:
A. Edward Tolman
B. B.F. Skinner
C. John Watson
D. Ivan Pavlov
Answer: A (Rationale: Learning that remains hidden until there is an incentive to perform.)
Which of the following is a 'Secondary Reinforcer'?
A. Food
B. Water
C. Money
D. Sleep
Answer: C (Rationale: It derives its value through association with primary reinforcers.)
The 'Law of Effect' was formulated by:
A. Albert Bandura
B. Edward Thorndike
C. Erik Erikson
D. Carl Jung
Answer: B
'Negative Punishment' involves:
A. Adding an unpleasant stimulus
B. Taking away a pleasant stimulus
C. Ignoring the behavior
D. Giving a reward
Answer: B (Example: Taking away a phone to stop bad behavior.)
'Generalization' in learning happens when:
A. A response is given only to the original stimulus
B. A response is given to stimuli similar to the original CS
C. The learner forgets the task
D. The learner gets bored
Answer: B
The 'Bobo Doll' study showed that children can learn aggression through:
A. Direct reinforcement
B. Vicarious learning (Observation)
C. Genetic inheritance
D. Classical conditioning
Answer: B
'Chaining' is a technique used in Operant Conditioning to:
A. Stop a behavior
B. Teach a complex sequence of behaviors
C. Reduce anxiety
D. Improve memory
Answer: B
'Taste Aversion' (The Garcia Effect) shows that:
A. Any stimulus can be conditioned equally
B. Some associations are learned more easily due to biological preparedness
C. Animals cannot learn to avoid food
D. Conditioning takes hundreds of trials
Answer: B
Section 3: Memory and Cognition
Which type of memory has an almost unlimited capacity and duration?
A. Working memory
B. Sensory memory
C. Long-term memory
D. Short-term memory
Answer: C
'Maintenance Rehearsal' is primarily used to keep information in:
A. Sensory memory
B. Short-term memory
C. Long-term memory
D. Procedural memory
Answer: B
The 'Zeigarnik Effect' suggests we remember:
A. Completed tasks better than uncompleted ones
B. Uncompleted tasks better than completed ones
C. Only pleasant memories
D. Only childhood memories
Answer: B
A 'Mental Set' is a tendency to:
A. Think creatively
B. Approach a problem in a way that has worked in the past
C. Forget the instructions
D. Use algorithms for everything
Answer: B
'Divergent Thinking' is most closely associated with:
A. High IQ
B. Creativity
C. Rote memorization
D. Logic
Answer: B
The 'Tip-of-the-tongue' phenomenon is a failure in:
A. Encoding
B. Storage
C. Retrieval
D. Attention
Answer: C
'Semantic Memory' refers to memory of:
A. Personal experiences
B. General knowledge and facts
C. Motor skills
D. Emotions
Answer: B
'Proactive Interference' occurs when:
A. New info interferes with old info
B. Old info interferes with new info
C. You lose your memory due to injury
D. You remember everything perfectly
Answer: B
Which of the following is the 'Master Gland' of the endocrine system?
A. Thyroid
B. Adrenal
C. Pituitary
D. Pineal
Answer: C
'Algorithms' guarantee a solution to a problem, but they are often:
A. Very fast
B. Time-consuming
C. Based on luck
D. Only for math
Answer: B
Section 4: Motivation, Personality, and Development
According to Freud, the part of personality that acts as our 'Conscience' is:
A. Id
B. Ego
C. Superego
D. Libido
Answer: C
The 'Electra Complex' occurs during which Freudian stage?
A. Oral
B. Anal
C. Phallic
D. Genital
Answer: C
'Self-Efficacy' is a concept developed by:
A. Sigmund Freud
B. Albert Bandura
C. Carl Rogers
D. B.F. Skinner
Answer: B
'Anorexia Nervosa' is primarily an:
A. Anxiety disorder
B. Eating disorder
C. Mood disorder
D. Personality disorder
Answer: B
The 'Incentive Theory' of motivation suggests we are pulled by:
A. Internal drives
B. External goals or rewards
C. Biological needs only
D. Unconscious desires
Answer: B
Which stage of Erikson’s theory occurs during adolescence?
A. Trust vs. Mistrust
B. Identity vs. Role Confusion
C. Intimacy vs. Isolation
D. Integrity vs. Despair
Answer: B
'Unconditional Positive Regard' is a key element in whose therapy?
A. Aaron Beck
B. Carl Rogers
C. Albert Ellis
D. Sigmund Freud
Answer: B
The 'Projection' defense mechanism involves:
A. Returning to an earlier stage of development
B. Attributing one's own unacceptable urges to others
C. Refusing to believe a painful reality
D. Diverting anger to a safer target
Answer: B
'Fluid Intelligence' peaks in:
A. Early adulthood
B. Late adulthood
C. Childhood
D. Infancy
Answer: A
'Attachment' theory was pioneered by:
A. Jean Piaget
B. John Bowlby
C. Lev Vygotsky
D. Lawrence Kohlberg
Answer: B
Section 5: Social Psychology and Abnormal Behavior
'Social Loafing' is the tendency for people to:
A. Work harder in a group
B. Exert less effort when pooling efforts toward a common goal
C. Be afraid of crowds
D. Copy the leader
Answer: B
'Deindividuation' often occurs in:
A. Therapy sessions
B. Crowds or riots
C. One-on-one interviews
D. Classrooms
Answer: B (Rationale: Loss of self-awareness and restraint in group situations.)
The 'Halo Effect' is a cognitive bias where:
A. We dislike everyone
B. Our overall impression of a person influences how we feel about their character
C. We forget names easily
D. We only like people who look like us
Answer: B
'Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder' (OCD) involves:
A. Multiple personalities
B. Persistent thoughts and repetitive behaviors
C. Extreme mood swings
D. Loss of memory
Answer: B
'Systematic Desensitization' is based on the principles of:
A. Operant Conditioning
B. Classical Conditioning
C. Humanism
D. Psychoanalysis
Answer: B
Which of the following is a 'Negative Symptom' of Schizophrenia?
A. Hallucinations
B. Delusions
C. Flat affect (Lack of emotional expression)
D. Disorganized speech
Answer: C
'Altruism' is helping others with:
A. Expectation of a reward
B. No expectation of personal gain
C. Fear of punishment
D. Pressure from society
Answer: B
'Cognitive Dissonance' theory was proposed by:
A. Leon Festinger
B. Philip Zimbardo
C. Stanley Milgram
D. Solomon Asch
Answer: A
'Aptitude' tests are designed to measure:
A. Current knowledge
B. Future potential or capacity to learn
C. Personality traits
D. Emotional stability
Answer: B
'DSM-5' is used primarily for:
A. Teaching psychology
B. Diagnosing mental disorders
C. Measuring intelligence
D. Conducting social experiments
Answer: B
