Model questions NCET Part 2 – Political science
Section 1: Politics in India Since Independence
1. Which commission recommended the formation of states on a linguistic basis?
A) Kaka Kalelkar Commission
B) States Reorganisation Commission
C) Mandal Commission
D) Sarkaria Commission
Answer: B (States Reorganisation Commission, 1953)
2. The "Congress System" era is characterized by:
A) A multi-party coalition at the center
B) One-party dominance with internal factionalism
C) Absence of any opposition parties
D) Military rule under the guise of democracy
Answer: B (Rajni Kothari coined this to describe Congress as a party of consensus)
3. In which year was the first Five-Year Plan launched in India?
A) 1947
B) 1950
C) 1951
D) 1956
Answer: C (It focused primarily on the agricultural sector)
4. The policy of Non-Alignment (NAM) was officially launched at which conference?
A) Bandung Conference (1955)
B) Belgrade Conference (1961)
C) Yalta Conference (1945)
D) Shimla Conference (1972)
Answer: B (Though Bandung laid the groundwork, Belgrade was the first summit)
5. Which Prime Minister signed the Tashkent Agreement after the 1965 Indo-Pak war?
A) Jawaharlal Nehru
B) Indira Gandhi
C) Lal Bahadur Shastri
D) Morarji Desai
Answer: C (Signed with Ayub Khan of Pakistan)
6. The "Garibi Hatao" slogan was the centerpiece of which election campaign?
A) 1952 General Election
B) 1967 General Election
C) 1971 General Election
D) 1977 General Election
Answer: C (Used by Indira Gandhi to garner populist support)
7. Who was the leader of the "Total Revolution" movement in 1974?
A) Ram Manohar Lohia
B) Jayaprakash Narayan
C) Morarji Desai
D) Jagjivan Ram
Answer: B (Also known as the JP Movement)
8. Which Constitutional Amendment is known as the "Mini-Constitution"?
A) 42nd Amendment
B) 44th Amendment
C) 73rd Amendment
D) 86th Amendment
Answer: A (Passed during the Emergency in 1976)
9. The Mandal Commission was officially known as the:
A) Socially Backward Commission
B) Second Backward Classes Commission
C) Religious Minorities Commission
D) Tribal Welfare Commission
Answer: B (Chaired by B.P. Mandal)
10. Operation Blue Star (1984) was conducted to:
A) Liberate Bangladesh
B) Remove militants from the Golden Temple
C) Counter Chinese aggression in Ladakh
D) Suppress the Naxalite movement
Answer: B (Led to the assassination of Indira Gandhi)
Section 2: Contemporary World Politics
11. The Cuban Missile Crisis (1962) was a confrontation between:
A) USA and China
B) USA and Soviet Union
C) UK and France
D) India and Pakistan
Answer: B (The peak of Cold War tensions)
12. The policy of 'Perestroika' (Restructuring) was introduced by:
A) Joseph Stalin
B) Nikita Khrushchev
C) Mikhail Gorbachev
D) Vladimir Putin
Answer: C (Along with 'Glasnost' or Openness)
13. The fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989 symbolized:
A) The start of World War II
B) The end of the Cold War
C) The expansion of the Soviet Union
D) The rise of Fascism
Answer: B (Led to the reunification of Germany)
14. Which of the following is a permanent member of the UN Security Council?
A) India
B) Japan
C) China
D) Germany
Answer: C (The P5 includes USA, UK, France, Russia, and China)
15. The "Shock Therapy" in Russia involved:
A) A gradual shift to socialism
B) Rapid transition from state-controlled to market economy
C) Military coup to establish democracy
D) Nationalization of all private banks
Answer: B (Often led to economic collapse in the early 90s)
16. The ASEAN Way refers to:
A) A formal military pact
B) Informal and cooperative interaction based on non-interference
C) Strict legalistic procedures for trade
D) A common currency for all members
Answer: B (Emphasis on consensus and sovereignty)
17. The Kyoto Protocol (1997) is an international treaty to:
A) Ban nuclear weapons
B) Protect human rights
C) Reduce greenhouse gas emissions
D) Regulate international trade
Answer: C (Related to Climate Change)
18. What is the "Global Commons"?
A) Resources owned by the USA
B) Areas outside the sovereign jurisdiction of any single state
C) The common market of the European Union
D) Public parks in urban areas
Answer: B (Includes the atmosphere, Antarctica, and outer space)
19. Which country began the "Arab Spring" in 2010?
A) Egypt
B) Syria
C) Tunisia
D) Libya
Answer: C (Triggered by the self-immolation of Mohamed Bouazizi)
20. The "Unipolar World" after 1991 refers to the dominance of:
A) The Soviet Union
B) The United States
C) China
D) The United Nations
Answer: B (Following the collapse of the USSR)
Section 3: Political Theory
21. Who wrote the book "The Republic"?
A) Aristotle
B) Plato
C) Socrates
D) Machiavelli
Answer: B (Discussed the ideal state and Justice)
22. Negative Liberty implies:
A) Presence of constraints
B) Absence of external interference
C) Freedom to do whatever one wants
D) State-provided opportunities
Answer: B (Isaiah Berlin’s concept of "freedom from")
23. The "Veil of Ignorance" is a thought experiment proposed by:
A) John Locke
B) John Rawls
C) J.S. Mill
D) Karl Marx
Answer: B (In his work 'A Theory of Justice')
24. Which ideology advocates for the abolition of the state and private property?
A) Liberalism
B) Communism
C) Fascism
D) Conservatism
Answer: B (Marxist-Leninist ideology)
25. Cultural Heterogenization in globalization refers to:
A) Every culture becoming the same (Westernized)
B) Cultures becoming more distinctive and diverse through interaction
C) The ban on foreign media
D) The destruction of local languages
Answer: B (Opposite of Cultural Homogenization)
Section 4: The Indian Constitution
26. The idea of "Residual Powers" in the Indian Constitution is taken from:
A) USA
B) UK
C) Canada
D) Ireland
Answer: C
27. Which Article describes India as a "Union of States"?
A) Article 1
B) Article 14
C) Article 32
D) Article 370
Answer: A
28. Fundamental Duties were added to the Constitution based on the recommendation of:
A) Verma Committee
B) Swaran Singh Committee
C) Sarkaria Commission
D) Kothari Commission
Answer: B (Added by the 42nd Amendment, 1976)
29. The "Basic Structure Doctrine" was established in which case?
A) Golaknath Case
B) Kesavananda Bharati Case
C) Minerva Mills Case
D) Shah Bano Case
Answer: B (1973)
30. Which body is responsible for the audit of government spending in India?
A) Finance Commission
B) NITI Aayog
C) Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG)
D) RBI
Answer: C (Article 148)
Section 5: High-Yield Mixed Practice
31. The term "Aaya Ram, Gaya Ram" refers to:
A) Religious migration
B) Political defection
C) Economic inflation
D) Border disputes
Answer: B (Common in the 1960s/70s)
32. Who was the first woman President of the UN General Assembly?
A) Sarojini Naidu
B) Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit
C) Indira Gandhi
D) Aruna Asaf Ali
Answer: B
33. The 'Milkman of India' associated with the White Revolution is:
A) M.S. Swaminathan
B) Verghese Kurien
C) Amartya Sen
D) Baba Amte
Answer: B
34. NITI Aayog serves as a:
A) Statutory Body
B) Constitutional Body
C) Policy Think Tank
D) Financial Regulator
Answer: C
35. The Right to Education (RTE) became a Fundamental Right in:
A) 2002
B) 2005
C) 2009
D) 2014
Answer: C (Article 21A)
36. The Anti-Defection Law is found in which Schedule?
A) 7th Schedule
B) 8th Schedule
C) 9th Schedule
D) 10th Schedule
Answer: D
37. Who founded the Bharatiya Jana Sangh?
A) Deendayal Upadhyaya
B) L.K. Advani
C) Syama Prasad Mookerjee
D) Atal Bihari Vajpayee
Answer: C
38. The Chipko Movement was primarily against:
A) Caste discrimination
B) Dam construction
C) Deforestation
D) Alcoholism
Answer: C (Started in Uttarakhand)
39. Which country is not a member of SAARC?
A) Afghanistan
B) Myanmar
C) Maldives
D) Bhutan
Answer: B
40. The 'G7' is a group of:
A) Developing nations
B) Advanced industrialized democracies
C) South Asian nations
D) Communist states
Answer: B
41. The first coalition government at the center (1977) was led by:
A) Charan Singh
B) Morarji Desai
C) V.P. Singh
D) I.K. Gujral
Answer: B (Janata Party)
42. Directive Principles of State Policy are:
A) Justiciable
B) Non-justiciable
C) Enforceable by Writ
D) Absolute Rights
Answer: B (They are guidelines, not legally enforceable)
43. Which organ of the UN functions like a world parliament?
A) Security Council
B) Secretariat
C) General Assembly
D) Trusteeship Council
Answer: C
44. "The end of history" thesis was proposed by:
A) Samuel Huntington
B) Francis Fukuyama
C) Noam Chomsky
D) Edward Said
Answer: B
45. The Sarkaria Commission dealt with:
A) Electoral Reforms
B) Center-State Relations
C) Reservation Policies
D) Judicial Activism
Answer: B
46. "Jai Jawan, Jai Kisan" was a slogan by:
A) Mahatma Gandhi
B) Lal Bahadur Shastri
C) Subhash Chandra Bose
D) Sardar Patel
Answer: B
47. The 73rd Amendment Act (1992) gave constitutional status to:
A) Municipalities
B) Panchayati Raj Institutions
C) Cooperative Societies
D) Election Commission
Answer: B
48. Structural Adjustment Programs (SAPs) are often imposed by:
A) Amnesty International
B) IMF and World Bank
C) Greenpeace
D) BRICS
Answer: B
49. The concept of "Soft Power" was developed by:
A) Hans Morgenthau
B) Joseph Nye
C) Kenneth Waltz
D) Woodrow Wilson
Answer: B
50. Which Indian state has its own separate flag (until 2019)?
A) Nagaland
B) Sikkim
C) Jammu and Kashmir
D) Goa
Answer: C (Article 370 was revoked in 2019)
