List of important Constitutional Amendments in India that are frequently asked in competitive exams, along with their key details:

Important Constitutional Amendments in India

1st Amendment Act, 1951

Added

9th Schedule

to protect laws from judicial review.

Imposed

reasonable restrictions on freedom of speech and expression

(Article 19).

Provided for reservation in

educational institutions

for backward classes (Article 15(4)).

7th Amendment Act, 1956

Reorganized states

on linguistic basis.

Abolished classification of states as Part A, B, C, and D.

Introduced

Union Territories

.

10th Amendment Act, 1961

Incorporated

Dadra, Nagar Haveli

as a Union Territory.

12th Amendment Act, 1962

Incorporated

Goa, Daman & Diu

as Union Territories.

13th Amendment Act, 1962

Gave

special status to Nagaland

under Article 371A.

14th Amendment Act, 1962

Incorporated

Pondicherry (Puducherry)

into the Indian Union.

24th Amendment Act, 1971

Made it

mandatory for the President

to give assent to Constitutional Amendment Bills.

Affirmed Parliament’s

power to amend Fundamental Rights

(Article 368).

25th Amendment Act, 1971

Curtailed the

right to property

(Article 31C) in

favor

of Directive Principles.

26th Amendment Act, 1971

Abolished

privy purses

and official recognition of former princely states.

31st Amendment Act, 1973

Increased the number of

Lok

Sabha seats from 525 to 545

.

42nd Amendment Act, 1976 (Mini Constitution)

Added the

words "Socialist, Secular, and Integrity"

in the Preamble.

Made

Fundamental Duties

(Article 51A) compulsory.

Gave

primacy to Directive Principles

over Fundamental Rights (Article 31C).

Extended the duration of

Lok

Sabha & State Assemblies from 5 to 6 years

(later revoked by 44th Amendment).

Curtailed the power of

Judiciary

in constitutional matters.

44th Amendment Act, 1978

Restored

Fundamental Rights over Directive Principles

(removed Article 31C provisions).

Removed the Right to Property

from Fundamental Rights (now a legal right under Article 300A).

Replaced

6-year

Lok

Sabha term back to 5 years

.

Made it tougher to declare

National Emergency

(Article 352).

52nd Amendment Act, 1985 (Anti-Defection Law)

Added

10th Schedule

to prevent defection among MPs and MLAs.

61st Amendment Act, 1988

Reduced the

voting age

from

21 to 18 years

(Article 326).

69th Amendment Act, 1991

Gave

Delhi special status

as

National Capital Territory (NCT)

under Article 239AA.

73rd Amendment Act, 1992

Established

Panchayati

Raj System

(Part IX, Schedule 11).

Provided for

three-tier governance

at village, block, and district levels.

Made

reservations for SCs, STs, and women

in

Panchayati

Raj institutions.

74th Amendment Act, 1992

Established

Urban Local Bodies (Municipalities)

(Part IXA, Schedule 12).

86th Amendment Act, 2002

Made

Right to Education a Fundamental Right

(Article 21A).

Mandated

free and compulsory education for children aged 6-14 years

.

91st Amendment Act, 2003

Limited the

Council of Ministers to 15% of total members of the legislature

.

97th Amendment Act, 2011

Gave

constitutional status to cooperative societies

(Added

Part IXB

).

99th Amendment Act, 2014 (Struck Down by SC)

Established

National Judicial Appointments Commission (NJAC)

to replace the Collegium System (Declared unconstitutional in 2015).

101st Amendment Act, 2016

Introduced

Goods and Services Tax (GST)

in India.

102nd Amendment Act, 2018

Granted

constitutional status to National Commission for Backward Classes (NCBC)

.

103rd Amendment Act, 2019

Provided

10% reservation for Economically Weaker Sections (EWS)

in education and government jobs.

104th Amendment Act, 2020

Extended the

reservation for SCs and STs in

Lok

Sabha and State Assemblies

for another

10 years

(till 2030).