100 GK Current Affairs Questions: Science & Technology (Jan 2025 - July 2025)
Indian Space & Defense
What is the full name of the ISRO-NASA satellite that launched on July 30, 2025?
NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar (NISAR)
From which launch vehicle was the NISAR satellite launched?
GSLV-F16
The NISAR mission will use a dual-band radar system. Which radar band is from NASA and which is from ISRO?
NASA (L-band), ISRO (S-band)
What is the primary purpose of the NISAR satellite mission?
To monitor Earth's changing dynamics and environment with high-resolution imagery.
What is the planned orbital altitude for the NISAR satellite?
740 kilometers
The NISAR satellite is designed to scan the entire planet twice every how many days?
12 days
What is the name of the new tactical missile successfully flight-tested by DRDO in July 2025?
Pralay
Pralay is an indigenously-developed quasi-ballistic missile with a range of how many kilometers?
150 to 500 km
From which location did the DRDO conduct the successful flight tests of the Pralay missile?
Dr APJ Abdul Kalam Island off the Odisha coast
What is the payload capacity of the Pralay missile?
500 to 1,000 kg
DRDO also successfully conducted flight trials of which unmanned aerial vehicle-launched missile in July 2025?
ULPGM-V3 (unmanned aerial vehicle launched precision guided missile-V3)
What is the target launch year for India's Chandrayaan-4 mission?
Around 2027
What is the primary objective of the Chandrayaan-4 mission?
To collect and return up to 3 kg of lunar regolith from the Moon's surface.
The Chandrayaan-4 mission is planned to use how many modules?
Five modules
What is the planned launch vehicle for the Chandrayaan-4 mission?
LVM3
ISRO has declared which year as the "Gaganyaan Year," marking a major milestone in India's human spaceflight mission?
2025
The first crewed Gaganyaan mission is now targeted for which year?
Early 2027
What is the name of the new indigenous cryogenic engine used in the GSLV-F16 rocket?
An advanced indigenous cryogenic engine using super-cooled liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen.
Which scheme aims to promote climate-resilient and sustainable farming practices?
NPFAM (No provided full form)
What is the name of the new RDI Fund with a corpus of ₹1 lakh crore announced in the Union Budget 2025-26?
Research, Development and Innovation Fund
International Space & Technology
Which company's lunar lander, Blue Ghost Mission 1, successfully landed in Mare Crisium in March 2025 as part of NASA's CLPS program?
Firefly Aerospace
Which Chinese asteroid sample-return and comet probe was launched on May 28, 2025?
Tianwen-2 (also known as ZhengHe)
The Tianwen-2 probe will rendezvous with which near-Earth asteroid in mid-2026?
469219 Kamo'oalewa
Which lunar lander, part of the Hakuto-R Mission 2, crashed into the lunar surface in June 2025?
RESILIENCE
Which company's lunar lander, IM-2, landed on its side in March 2025, complicating its mission?
Intuitive Machines
Which space agency's mission, Biomass, is designed to deliver crucial information about the state of our forests?
European Space Agency (ESA)
The Biomass mission, which launched no earlier than April 2025, is a part of which ESA program?
FutureEO
Which NASA mission is set to perform a gravity assist at Mars in March 2025?
Europa Clipper
Which ESA astronaut from Poland is scheduled to fly to the International Space Station on Axiom Mission 4 (Ax-4) in 2025?
Sławosz Uznański
Which two space agencies are collaborating on the Sea Level Mission to help with hurricane forecasts?
NASA and ESA
The NASA-ISRO synthetic aperture radar (NISAR) satellite is set to monitor what for the global scientific community?
Land, ice deformation, and forest dynamics
NASA selected which company to provide technical integration services for its human spaceflight programs?
Barrios Technology, LLC
Which country became the latest to commit to the responsible exploration of space by signing the Artemis Accords in 2025?
Senegal
The Hubble Space Telescope celebrated its what anniversary in April 2025?
35th
The ESA's Flyeye telescope, which saw first light in June 2025, is designed to watch for what?
Asteroids and other near-Earth objects
Who retired from NASA in July 2025 after a career that included 330 days in orbit?
Shannon Walker
Biotechnology, Medicine & Research
Which type of compound has been identified by scientists at the Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry to treat fibrotic diseases?
Cyclic peptide
What gene is delivered by a new virus vector-based therapy to treat drug-resistant focal epilepsy?
LGI1 gene
Scientists at the National Cancer Institute have developed a new Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) to target what cell surface protein in neuroblastomas?
Glypican-2 (GPC2)
Researchers at the University of Greenwich have developed a small-molecule inhibitor that selectively targets what to reduce cytokine storms?
Pro-inflammatory cytokines
What is the name of the new prion discovered in yeast in January 2025?
[SNG2]
A new study links a transcription factor, Tlx3, to which neurodevelopmental disorder?
Autism
A new biological discovery links the biological clock to which health condition?
Hypertension (high blood pressure)
The Union Budget 2025-26 has an outlay of ₹2,300 crore for which new biotechnology scheme?
Bio-RIDE (Biotechnology Research Innovation and Entrepreneurship Development)
The Bio-RIDE scheme will support biotechnology research, industrial development, and what else?
Entrepreneurship, biomanufacturing, and biofoundry
A new approach to the treatment of which liver condition was announced by the Ministry of Science & Technology?
Liver cirrhosis
What is a key trend in biotechnology for agriculture in 2025?
The use of gene editing tools like CRISPR to produce climate-resilient crops.
What is the name of the new AI model developed by the University of Notre Dame to enhance drug discovery?
Conditional Randomized Transformer (CRT)
What type of new therapy, based on CRISPR, was approved for sickle cell and thalassemia in 2023?
Gene therapy (specifically Casgevy)
What new technology is being used to create lab-grown meat and plant-based protein alternatives?
Food and Nutritional Biotechnology
Awards & Research Funding
The 2025 Breakthrough Prize in Fundamental Physics was awarded to which four experimental collaborations at CERN's Large Hadron Collider?
ATLAS, CMS, ALICE, and LHCb
The prize money from the Breakthrough Prize will be used to offer grants for which purpose?
Doctoral students to spend research time at CERN
Indian scientists and researchers made significant contributions to which two of the four award-winning experiments at CERN?
ALICE and CMS
The Union Budget 2025-26 has allocated how much to the Research, Development and Innovation (RDI) initiative?
₹20,000 crore
The Union Budget 2025-26 also announced a Deep Tech Fund of Funds to promote what?
Next-generation startups
How many fellowships will be provided under the Prime Minister's Research Fellowship scheme over the next five years?
10,000
Which two institutions will benefit from the new research fellowships?
Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs) and the Indian Institute of Science (IISc)
The National Critical Mineral Mission recognized how many Centers of Excellence to work on this mission?
Seven
A. Prathima won which award in Nano Science in 2025?
International Best Researcher of the Year Award
Which Indian won the International Outstanding Digital Innovation of the year Award in Salesforce DevOps in 2025?
Rishitha Kokku
Which Indian won the International Best Researcher Award in Organic Chemistry in 2024?
Nerella Srinivas
Which Nobel laureate spoke at the Quantum India Summit 2025, urging India to invest in labs and talent?
Prof. Duncan Haldane
The Quantum India Summit 2025 was held in which city?
Bengaluru
The National Research Foundation, a flagship initiative, received an allocation of what amount in the Union Budget 2025-26?
₹2,000 crore
What is the new scheme launched by the Ministry of Science & Technology with an outlay of ₹1,425 crore for 2025-26?
Vigyan Dhara
General Technology & Other Developments
What is the new digital payment service launched by India Post Payments Bank (IPPB)?
Aadhaar-Based Face Authentication
Which telecom company unveiled a 'Freedom Plan' offering one month of free 4G services?
BSNL
The National Cybersecurity Exercise 2025 focused on what?
Emerging threats
What are the two major technological trends in 2025 according to a Simplilearn report?
Generative AI and Quantum Computing
Which technologies are making VR experiences more immersive in 2025?
Improvements in display resolutions and motion tracking
The Union Budget 2025-26 announced a major push for green technology and electric mobility to reshape what?
India's industrial landscape
What are the two emerging trends in renewable energy for 2025?
Green hydrogen and decentralized energy systems
What new technology is being used to create solar canopies for vehicles?
Solar energy with embedded panels
Bioremediation is a key application of which type of biotechnology for detoxifying oil spills?
Environmental Biotechnology
Which new AI-powered technology is being used to combat misinformation and deepfakes?
Generative AI
What is a key technology trend in cybersecurity for 2025?
AI in Cybersecurity
The Union Government has hosted three open-source AI models from which family on the AIRAWAT compute infrastructure?
LLAMA family
What is AI TRiSM a new technology trend in 2025?
AI Trust, Risk, and Security Management
The Conditional Randomized Transformer (CRT) is an AI model used to enhance the efficiency of what process?
Drug discovery
What new technology has been developed by a research team at the University of West London to enhance animal feed?
Dulse, a protein-rich red seaweed
Which section of the IT Act, 2000 deals with punishment for identity theft?
Section 66C
The Bharatiya Nyay Sanhita, 2023 punishes which crime by a person or a group of persons as a member of an organized crime syndicate?
Continuing unlawful activity, including cyber-crimes
What is the purpose of the Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023?
To safeguard digital personal data and ensure the rights and duties of Data Principals
Space Tourism is listed as a major technology trend for which year?
2025
Neuromorphic Computing is a new technology trend for 2025. It is inspired by what?
The human brain
What is the PM MITRA scheme related to?
New textile parks
The AYUSH system of medicine is being promoted for its contribution to what field?
Medical field
The Mines Ministry recognized how many Centers of Excellence to work under the National Critical Mineral Mission?
Seven
Project CROPIC is an automation of what process in agriculture?
Crop loss assessment
The NAMO Drone Didi Scheme is focused on providing drones for what purpose?
Rural women
What is the key focus of the IndiaAI mission launched in March 2024?
To establish a robust and inclusive AI ecosystem
The IndiaAI mission is a strategic initiative with how many key pillars?
Seven
The AIRAWAT compute infrastructure, which hosts open-source AI models, is managed by which organization?
CDAC-Pune
The National Geospatial Mission was announced to provide an opportunity to use which technology for better climate-appropriate planning?
Geographical Information Systems (GIS)
What is the name of the scheme that promotes scientific research and capacity building, with an outlay of ₹1,425 crore for 2025-26?
Vigyan Dhara
The Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) received an allocation of what amount for 2025-26?
₹6,600 crore
What is the name of the new prion discovered in yeast in January 2025?
[SNG2]
According to a new study, the unseen foundations of brain health are linked to what?
Blood vessel damage
Genomics and Precision Medicine are being used to decode individual genomes for what purpose?
Disease risk prediction and targeted treatment
The Union Budget 2025-26 has announced a National Manufacturing Mission to further which initiative? * Make in India
