30 Multiple Choice Questions with answers on the topic of "Lifespan Development" for Class 12th Psychology students:
Lifespan Development - Multiple Choice Questions
1.Lifespan development is the study of:
a) Physical changes from birth to death.
b) Cognitive changes from infancy to old age.
c) Social and emotional changes across the lifespan.
d) All of the above.
Answer: d) All of the above.
2.The term "development" in psychology refers to:
a) Growth in size.
b) Qualitative changes over time.
c) Quantitative increases only.
d) Maturation of physical abilities.
Answer: b) Qualitative changes over time.
3.Which of the following is NOT a characteristic principle of lifespan development?
a) Development is lifelong.
b) Development is multidimensional and multidirectional.
c) Development is universally the same for all individuals.
d) Development is influenced by historical and cultural contexts.
Answer: c) Development is universally the same for all individuals.
4.The prenatal period of development extends from:
a) Birth to 2 weeks.
b) Conception to birth.
c) 2 weeks to 2 months.
d) Birth to 1 year.
Answer: b) Conception to birth.
5.Infancy is typically defined as the developmental period from:
a) Birth to 1 month.
b) Birth to 2 years.
c) 1 month to 1 year.
d) 2 to 6 years.
Answer: b) Birth to 2 years.
6.Early childhood spans approximately from:
a) Birth to 2 years.
b) 2 to 6 years.
c) 6 to 12 years.
d) 12 to 18 years.
Answer: b) 2 to 6 years.
7.Middle childhood roughly corresponds to the age range of:
a) 2 to 6 years.
b) 6 to 12 years.
c) 12 to 18 years.
d) 18 to 25 years.
Answer: b) 6 to 12 years.
8.Adolescence is characterized by significant changes in:
a) Physical growth and sexual maturation.
b) Cognitive development and identity formation.
c) Social relationships and emotional regulation.
d) All of the above.
Answer: d) All of the above.
9.Early adulthood typically extends from:
a) 12 to 18 years.
b) 18 to 40 years.
c) 40 to 65 years.
d) 65 years and beyond.
Answer: b) 18 to 40 years.
10.Middle adulthood is often a period of:
a) Peak physical abilities.
b) Career establishment and family focus.
c) Physical decline and retirement.
d) Rapid identity formation.
Answer: b) Career establishment and family focus.
11.Late adulthood begins around the age of:
a) 40 years.
b) 55 years.
c) 65 years.
d) 75 years.
Answer: c) 65 years.
12.Erik Erikson's theory of psychosocial development proposes that individuals go through how many stages across the lifespan?
a) 5
b) 6
c) 8
d) 10
Answer: c) 8
13.According to Erikson, the primary psychosocial crisis of infancy is:
a) Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt.
b) Initiative vs. Guilt.
c) Trust vs. Mistrust.
d) Identity vs. Role Confusion.
Answer: c) Trust vs. Mistrust.
14.In Erikson's theory, the adolescent struggle to form a sense of self and identity is known as:
a) Industry vs. Inferiority.
b) Intimacy vs. Isolation.
c) Identity vs. Role Confusion.
d) Generativity vs. Stagnation.
Answer: c) Identity vs. Role Confusion.
15.Piaget's theory of cognitive development focuses on how children:
a) Learn through reinforcement and punishment.
b) Develop moral reasoning.
c) Construct their understanding of the world.
d) Form social relationships.
Answer: c) Construct their understanding of the world.
16.According to Piaget, the stage characterized by the development of object permanence is the:
a) Sensorimotor stage.
b) Preoperational stage.
c) Concrete operational stage.
d) Formal operational stage.
Answer: a) Sensorimotor stage.
17.The ability to think abstractly and hypothetically develops during Piaget's:
a) Sensorimotor stage.
b) Preoperational stage.
c) Concrete operational stage.
d) Formal operational stage.
Answer: d) Formal operational stage.
18.Vygotsky's sociocultural theory emphasizes the role of ________ in cognitive development.
a) Individual exploration.
b) Social interaction and culture.
c) Biological maturation.
d) Reinforcement and imitation.
Answer: b) Social interaction and culture.
19.The "zone of proximal development" (ZPD) in Vygotsky's theory refers to:
a) Tasks that a child can do independently.
b) Tasks that are too difficult for a child to ever learn.
c) Tasks that a child can do with the help of a more skilled person.
d) Tasks that are learned through trial and error.
Answer: c) Tasks that a child can do with the help of a more skilled person.
20.Attachment theory, primarily associated with Bowlby and Ainsworth, focuses on:
a) Cognitive development in early childhood.
b) The formation of emotional bonds between infants and caregivers.
c) Moral development during adolescence.
d) Personality development in adulthood.
Answer: b) The formation of emotional bonds between infants and caregivers.
21.Ainsworth's "Strange Situation" procedure is used to assess:
a) Cognitive abilities in infants.
b) Different attachment styles in infants.
c) Motor skills in toddlers.
d) Social skills in preschoolers.
Answer: b) Different attachment styles in infants.
22.Changes in physical abilities and health during late adulthood are often characterized by:
a) Rapid and uniform decline for all individuals.
b) Gradual and varied decline depending on individual factors.
c) Significant improvements in strength and stamina.
d) A complete cessation of physical changes.
Answer: b) Gradual and varied decline depending on individual factors.
23.Cognitive changes in late adulthood may include:
a) Significant and irreversible decline in all cognitive functions.
b) Some decline in processing speed and working memory, but preserved cognitive abilities.
c) Enhanced memory and problem-solving skills.
d) A complete absence of cognitive change.
Answer: b) Some decline in processing speed and working memory, but preserved cognitive abilities.
24.Successful aging is often associated with:
a) Complete absence of physical and cognitive decline.
b) Maintaining social engagement, physical activity, and cognitive stimulation.
c) Isolation and withdrawal from social activities.
d) Focusing solely on past achievements.
Answer: b) Maintaining social engagement, physical activity, and cognitive stimulation.
25.The concept of "nature vs. nurture" in development refers to the debate about the relative influence of:
a) Early experiences vs. later experiences.
b) Conscious vs. unconscious processes.
c) Heredity vs. environment.
d) Individual differences vs. cultural similarities.
Answer: c) Heredity vs. environment.
26.Longitudinal studies in developmental psychology involve:
a) Studying different age groups at the same point in time.
b) Studying the same group of individuals over an extended period.
c) Comparing the development of twins raised together and apart.
d) Observing behaviour in naturalistic settings.
Answer: b) Studying the same group of individuals over an extended period.
27.Cross-sectional studies in developmental psychology involve:
a) Studying the same individuals at multiple time points.
b) Studying individuals from different age groups at one point in time.
c) Examining the impact of cultural factors on development.
d) Analysing historical trends in development.
Answer: b) Studying individuals from different age groups at one point in time.
28.A critical period in development refers to:
a) A time of minor adjustments in development.
b) A specific time when an organism is particularly sensitive to certain environmental influences.
c) Any period of rapid growth.
d) The final stage of development.
Answer: b) A specific time when an organism is particularly sensitive to certain environmental influences.
29.Resilience in the context of lifespan development refers to:
a) The ability to avoid all forms of stress.
b) The capacity to adapt positively to significant adversity.
c) The tendency to regress to earlier stages of development under stress.
d) The complete absence of developmental challenges.
Answer: b) The capacity to adapt positively to significant adversity.
30.Understanding lifespan development is important for:
a) Educators and parents.
b) Healthcare professionals.
c) Social workers and policymakers.
d) All of the above.
Answer: d) All of the above.
