Sample Practice Question Paper Class 12 Political Science Chse

PHPWord

Sample Practice Question Paper Class 12 Political Science CHSE– Answer key Set 1

PART – A: POLITICS IN INDIA

Section – I: Multiple Choice Answers

b) Democracy

b) Democratic participation

a) Division of powers between national and state governments

Zila

Parishad

b) Agrarian distress

c) BJD

b) 5

c) East and Southeast Asian nations

d) Environmental degradation

c) Washington D.C.

Section – II: Fill in the Blanks (Answers)

India

1989

Gram Panchayat

Federal

Regionalism

1945

International Court of Justice

International Economic

Temperature

Unemployment

Section – III: Very Short Answer Questions (2 marks each)

Democracy

means a system of government where power is vested in the hands of the people, either directly or through elected representatives.

Two features of

Indian federalism

are: division of powers between Centre and States, and supremacy of the Constitution.

Coalition politics

refers to an alliance of multiple political parties joining to form a government when no single party has a majority.

Two challenges to democracy in India are

illiteracy

and

economic inequality

Gender inequality

means unequal treatment or perception between men and women in opportunities, rights, or status.

Two functions of

urban local bodies

are city planning and providing water supply and sanitation.

Casteism

is the practice of giving preference or discrimination based on caste identity.

The basic principle of India’s

foreign policy

is peaceful coexistence and non-alignment.

Two organs of the United Nations are

General Assembly

and

Security Council

The

Naxalite problem

refers to armed rebellion by radical left groups demanding land and equality in rural India.

Regionalism

means loyalty to one’s regional identity rather than national unity.

Two harmful effects of

terrorism

are loss of innocent lives and social instability.

Environment protection movements

are public efforts aimed at preserving nature and preventing ecological damage.

Section – IV: Short Answer Questions (3 marks each)

Challenges to democracy in India include inequality among citizens, corruption in politics, and communalism dividing society.

Rural local bodies

include Gram Panchayat, Panchayat Samiti, and

Zila

Parishad. Their functions include rural development, sanitation, and execution of welfare schemes.

Recent trends in Indian federalism show decentralization, empowerment of states, and cooperative federalism through NITI Aayog.

India’s relations with

Pakistan

have been strained due to border issues, terrorism, and Kashmir; however, efforts for peace continue through dialogues.

Major functions of the

United Nations

include maintaining peace, promoting development, protecting human rights, and coordinating humanitarian aid.

Non-traditional security concerns

include global poverty, climate change, and health pandemics. These focus on people rather than military threats.

Traditional security

deals with military protection of borders, while

non-traditional security

concerns economic, environmental, and human well-being.

PART – B: CONTEMPORARY WORLD POLITICS

Section – V: Long Answer Questions (7.5 marks each)

Democracy

is a form of government where people participate in decision-making. Its main features are popular sovereignty, equality, rule of law, and accountability. In India, key challenges include inequality, illiteracy, corruption, and communalism. Remedies include education, awareness, and strict enforcement of democratic values.

India’s

party system

includes national, regional, and state-based parties. Coalition politics emerged after 1989 when no single party got a majority. Regional parties like TDP, DMK, BJD, and Shiv

Sena

gained importance, ensuring regional representation in national politics.

Federalism in India

divides powers between Centre and States through the Union, State, and Concurrent lists. Recent trends include greater fiscal autonomy to states, cooperative federalism through NITI Aayog, and stronger local governments after the 73rd and 74th Amendments.

Challenges to nation-building

include:

Communalism

: divisions based on religion.

Casteism

: political mobilization of caste identities.

Regionalism

: demand for statehood or separatism.

Terrorism

: internal and external threats to unity.

Remedies include promoting secularism, education, and balanced regional development.

India’s

foreign policy

is based on peaceful coexistence, non-alignment, and mutual benefit. With

China

, India has border issues (Aksai Chin, Arunachal Pradesh), but they cooperate in BRICS and SCO. Trade and diplomatic dialogue continue despite tensions.

Global warming and climate change

refer to the rise in Earth’s temperature due to excessive greenhouse gases. This leads to melting glaciers, sea-level rise, and extreme climates. It affects agriculture, biodiversity, and global economy. Sustainable development and international cooperation are needed.

The

United Nations

has six main organs. It maintains peace (Security Council), coordinates development (UNDP), and resolves disputes (ICJ). India has been a member since 1945 and contributes to peacekeeping missions. India also demands Security Council reform for permanent membership.

World Bank and IMF

are Bretton Woods institutions. The World Bank provides long-term loans for development projects, while the IMF stabilizes international currency and balance of payments. They influence global economic policies, especially in developing countries like India.