15 short questions with answers (suitable for 2-3 marks) on "Democracy: Meaning, Types and Features; Challenges to Democratic Process in India- Inequality, Illiteracy, Regionalism, Naxalite Problem, Gender Inequality":
1.What is the core meaning of representative democracy?
Answer: Representative democracy is a system where citizens elect representatives to make decisions and govern on their behalf. This is the most common form of democracy in large modern states.
2.Mention two key features of a democratic government.
Answer: Two key features of a democratic government are regular and fair elections, and the protection of fundamental rights and freedoms of citizens.
3.Differentiate between direct and indirect democracy.
Answer: In direct democracy, citizens directly participate in decision-making. In indirect (or representative) democracy, citizens elect representatives to make decisions for them.
4. How does economic inequality pose a challenge to democracy?
Answer: Economic inequality can lead to unequal influence in politics, where the wealthy may have more access and power, undermining the principle of one person, one vote.
5.Explain briefly how illiteracy can hinder the democratic process.
Answer: Illiteracy can make citizens more vulnerable to manipulation, less aware of their rights, and less able to make informed choices during elections.
6.What is regionalism, and how can it be a challenge to national unity?
Answer: Regionalism is excessive attachment to one's region. It can become a challenge when regional loyalties overshadow national interests, leading to demands for separation or conflict between regions.
7.What is the Naxalite problem primarily about?
Answer: The Naxalite problem is primarily about left-wing extremism rooted in socio-economic inequalities and land issues, often involving armed rebellion against the state.
8.Give two examples of gender inequality prevalent in the political sphere in India.
Answer: Two examples are the under-representation of women in Parliament and state legislatures, and the lower participation of women in local self-governing bodies despite reservations.
9.Why is universal adult franchise considered important in a democracy?
Answer: Universal adult franchise ensures that all adult citizens have the right to vote, regardless of their social or economic status, upholding the principle of equality and political participation for all.
10.How can education contribute to strengthening a democratic society?
Answer: Education empowers citizens with knowledge and critical thinking skills, enabling them to make informed choices, understand their rights and responsibilities, and participate more effectively in the democratic process.
11.Suggest one measure to address the challenge of regionalism in India.
Answer: Promoting balanced regional development and ensuring equitable distribution of resources can help address grievances that fuel regionalism and foster a sense of national unity.
12.What is the primary goal of the Naxalite movement?
Answer: The primary goal is to overthrow the existing socio-political system, which they view as exploitative, and establish a communist society, often through armed struggle.
13.Briefly explain the significance of reservations for marginalized groups in a democracy.
Answer: Reservations aim to ensure representation and inclusion of historically marginalized groups in political and social spheres, addressing past inequalities and promoting social justice within the democratic framework.
14.How can media play a constructive role in addressing democratic challenges?
Answer: Responsible media can raise awareness about social and political issues, hold the government accountable, facilitate public discourse, and empower citizens with information to make informed decisions.
15.What are some of the root causes of gender inequality in India?
Answer: Root causes include patriarchal social structures, traditional gender roles, discriminatory cultural practices, and unequal access to education and economic opportunities for women.
