MCQs on Human Geography for your Class 12 students! Here are 30 questions covering various aspects of the topic:
Multiple Choice Questions
1-Which of the following best defines Human Geography?
a) The study of the physical features of the Earth.
b) The study of the relationship between human societies and the Earth's surface.
c) The study of climate patterns and their changes.
d) The study of plant and animal distribution.
Answer: b) The study of the relationship between human societies and the Earth's surface.
2.The concept of "environmental determinism" suggests that:
a) Humans have complete control over their environment.
b) The physical environment strongly influences human societies and their development.
c) Human actions have no impact on the environment.
d) Technology can overcome all environmental limitations.
Answer: b) The physical environment strongly influences human societies and their development.
3.Who is considered the founder of modern Human Geography?
a) Carl Ritter
b) Alexander von Humboldt
c) Friedrich Ratzel
d) Paul Vidal de la Blache
Answer: c) Friedrich Ratzel
4."Possibilism" in Human Geography emphasizes that:
a) The environment dictates all human actions.
b) Humans can choose and modify their environment within certain limits.
c) Technology is the primary factor shaping human societies.
d) Physical geography is irrelevant to human activities.
Answer: b) Humans can choose and modify their environment within certain limits.
5.Which of the following is NOT a major sub-field of Human Geography?
a) Population Geography
b) Economic Geography
c) Geomorphology
d) Social and Cultural Geography
Answer: c) Geomorphology
6.The study of the distribution, composition, migration, and growth of populations is known as:
a) Settlement Geography
b) Population Geography
c) Demography
d) Urban Geography
Answer: b) Population Geography
7.The average number of persons living per unit area is called:
a) Population growth rate
b) Population density
c) Population distribution
d) Sex ratio
Answer: b) Population density
8.Which of the following factors primarily causes population change?
a) Climate and vegetation
b) Births, deaths, and migration
c) Soil fertility and topography
d) Industrial development and urbanization
Answer: b) Births, deaths, and migration
9.The movement of people from one place to another with the intention of settling permanently or temporarily at a new location 1 is called:
a) Commuting
b) Transhumance
c) Migration
d) Nomadism
Answer: c) Migration
10.Which one of the following is the main reason for male migration ...
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The "push factors" in migration refer to:
a) Factors that attract people to a new location.
b) Factors that compel people to leave their place of origin.
c) Government policies encouraging migration.
d) Economic opportunities in destination areas.
Answer: b) Factors that compel people to leave their place of origin.
11.Which of the following is an example of a "pull factor" for migration?
a) Unemployment in the home country
b) Political instability
c) Better job opportunities in a new location
d) Natural disasters
Answer: c) Better job opportunities in a new location
12.The number of females per thousand males in a population is known as:
a) Literacy rate
b) Sex ratio
c) Dependency ratio
d) Age structure
Answer: b) Sex ratio
13.The age-sex pyramid is a graphical representation of:
a) Population density and distribution.
b) The literacy rates of males and females.
c) The age and sex composition of a population.
d) The occupational structure of a population.
Answer: c) The age and sex composition of a population.
14.Which stage of the Demographic Transition Theory is characterized by high birth rates and high death rates?
a) Stage II
b) Stage III
c) Stage I
d) Stage IV
Answer: c) Stage I
15.In which stage of the Demographic Transition Theory do birth rates decline significantly while death rates remain low, leading to slow population growth?
a) Stage I
b) Stage II
c) Stage III
d) Stage IV
Answer: c) Stage III
16.The process by which people move from rural areas to urban areas is called:
a) Suburbanization
b) Gentrification
c) Urbanization
d) Decentralization
Answer: c) Urbanization
17.A settlement with a high population density and where the primary occupation of the people is non-agricultural is classified as a:
a) Rural settlement
b) Urban settlement
c) Hamlet
d) Village
Answer: b) Urban settlement
18.Which of the following is NOT a basis for classifying rural settlements?
a) Pattern of dwellings
b) Functions of the settlement
c) Size of the population
d) Shape of the settlement
Answer: c) Size of the population
19.Linear patterns of rural settlements tend to develop:
a) Around a central point.
b) Along roads, rivers, or canals.
c) In dispersed and isolated locations.
d) In rectangular or grid patterns.
Answer: b) Along roads, rivers, or canals.
20.The study of human races and their characteristics is known as:
a) Demography
b) Ethnography
c) Anthropology
d) Sociology
Answer: c) Anthropology
21.A group of people who share a common culture, language, religion, or historical background is known as a(n):
a) Nation
b) State
c) Ethnic group
d) Tribe
Answer: c) Ethnic group
22.The process of interaction and integration among people, organizations, and governments worldwide is known as:
a) Regionalization
b) Nationalism
c) Globalization
d) Localization
Answer: c) Globalization
23.Which of the following is NOT a major sector of the economy?
a) Primary sector
b) Secondary sector
c) Tertiary sector
d) Quinary sector
Answer: d) Quinary sector (Note: Quinary is a higher level of the tertiary sector)
24.Activities that involve the extraction of raw materials from the Earth are classified under the:
a) Secondary sector
b) Tertiary sector
c) Primary sector
d) Quaternary sector
Answer: c) Primary sector
25.Manufacturing, processing, and construction activities fall under the:
a) Primary sector
b) Secondary sector
c) Tertiary sector
d) Quinary sector
Answer: b) Secondary sector
26.Activities that provide services such as transportation, communication, and trade are part of the:
a) Primary sector
b) Secondary sector
c) Tertiary sector
d) Quaternary sector
Answer: c) Tertiary sector
27.Knowledge-based activities such as research and development, information technology, and consultancy are included in the:
a) Primary sector
b) Secondary sector
c) Tertiary sector
d) Quaternary sector
Answer: d) Quaternary sector
28.Which of the following is an example of a primary sector activity?
a) Car manufacturing
b) Banking
c) Mining
d) Teaching
Answer: c) Mining
29.The concept of "human development" focuses on:
a) Economic growth and increase in per capita income.
b) Improving the quality of life and expanding people's choices.
c) Technological advancements and industrialization.
d) Increasing the size of the population.
Answer: b) Improving the quality of life and expanding people's choices.
30.The Human Development Index (HDI) is a composite statistic used to rank countries by levels of human development. Which of the following is NOT a dimension used in calculating the HDI?
a) Life expectancy at birth
b) Mean years of schooling
c) Gross national income per capita
d) Population density
Answer: d) Population density
