20 short questions with concise answers on Human Geography, suitable for your Class 12 students:

 

Short Questions and Answers

 

1.Question: What is the core concern of Human Geography?

Answer: The relationship between human societies and the Earth's surface.

 

2.Question: Name the two main approaches in Human Geography.

Answer: Environmental Determinism and Possibilism.

 

3.Question: Who introduced the concept of "possibilism"?

Answer: Lucien Febvre and Paul Vidal de la Blache.

 

4.Question: What is meant by "population density"?

Answer: The number of persons living per unit area.

 

5.Question: Define "migration".

Answer: The movement of people from one place to another with the intention of settling.

 

6.Question: What are "push factors" of migration? Give one example.

Answer: Factors that compel people to leave their place of origin. Example: Unemployment.

 

7.Question: What are "pull factors" of migration? Give one example.

Answer: Factors that attract people to a new location. Example: Better job opportunities.

 

8.Question: What does the term "sex ratio" indicate?

Answer: The number of females per thousand males in a population.

 

9.Question: What is an age-sex pyramid?

Answer: A graphical representation of the age and sex composition of a population.

 

10.Question: Name the three stages of the Demographic Transition Theory.

Answer: Stage I (High Stationary), Stage II (Early Expanding), Stage III (Late Expanding).

 

11.Question: What is "urbanization"?

Answer: The process by which people move from rural areas to urban areas, leading to an increase in the proportion of the population living in towns and cities.

 

12.Question: How are rural settlements primarily characterized?

Answer: By primary economic activities like agriculture and a lower population density.

 

13.Question: Give one example of a dispersed rural settlement pattern.

Answer: Isolated farms or homesteads scattered over a wide area.

 

14.Question: What is an "ethnic group"?

Answer: A group of people who share a common culture, language, religion, or historical background.

 

15.Question: Define "globalization".

Answer: The process of interaction and integration among people, organizations, and governments worldwide.

 

16.Question: What are primary economic activities? Give two examples.

Answer: Activities that involve the extraction of raw materials from the Earth. Examples: Agriculture and mining.

 

17.Question: What is the main characteristic of the secondary sector of the economy?

Answer: The processing and manufacturing of raw materials into finished goods.

 

18.Question: Name two examples of tertiary sector activities.

Answer: Transportation and education.

 

19.Question: What is the focus of "human development"?

Answer: Improving the quality of life and expanding people's choices.

 

20.Question: What are the three basic dimensions of human development as measured by the HDI?

Answer: Health, education, and access to resources (standard of living).

 

21.Question: What is "nomadism"?

Answer: A way of life characterized by the movement of people and their livestock from place to place in search of pasture and water.

 

22.Question: Define "transhumance".

Answer: A seasonal movement of people with their livestock between fixed summer and winter pastures.

 

23.Question: What is meant by "population distribution"?

Answer: The way in which people are spread across a given area.

 

24.Question: Name one geographical factor that influences population distribution.

Answer: Availability of water.

 

25.Question: What is the significance of studying the age structure of a population?

Answer: It helps understand the dependency ratio and potential for future population growth or decline.

 

26.Question: What is a "metropolis"?

Answer: A very large and busy city, often the chief commercial, industrial, and cultural centre of a region or country.

 

27.Question: How are urban settlements primarily characterized?

Answer: By non-agricultural economic activities and a high population density.

 

28.Question: What are quaternary activities primarily concerned with?

Answer: Intellectual activities such as research, development, and information processing.

 

29.Question: What is the concept of "environmental determinism" also known as?

Answer: Geographical determinism.

 

30.Question: What is the main idea behind the concept of "humanization of nature"?

Answer: The process by which human actions modify and adapt the natural environment to suit their needs and desires.