Extra 20 important long questions and answers from the chapter "Legislature" of Class 11 Political Science:

 

What is the Legislature? Discuss its main functions.

 

Answer:

 

The

Legislature

is the

law-making body

of a country. It is responsible for making, amending, and repealing laws.

 

Functions:

Law-making

– Creates and amends laws.

Control over Executive

– Questions and debates on policies.

Financial Control

– Approves the Budget and taxation.

Judicial Functions

– Can impeach the President and judges.

Amendment of the Constitution

– Can modify the Constitution.

 

Differentiate between Unicameral and Bicameral legislatures.

 

Answer:

Unicameral Legislature:

One house (e.g., China, Sri Lanka).

Bicameral Legislature:

Two houses (e.g., India, USA).

Difference:

Feature	Unicameral Legislature	Bicameral Legislature
Number of Houses	One	Two (Upper & Lower House)
Examples	China, Nepal	India, USA
Decision-making	Faster	Slower but detailed
Check & Balance	Less effective	More effective

Describe the composition of the Indian Parliament.

 

Answer:

 

The

Indian Parliament

consists of

three components

:

Lok Sabha (House of People)

– 552 members (elected).

Rajya Sabha (Council of States)

– 250 members (elected & nominated).

President of India

– Gives assent to Bills and summons sessions.

 

Explain the powers and functions of the Lok Sabha.

 

Answer:

Legislative Powers

– Makes laws.

Financial Powers

– Passes the Budget and Money Bills.

Executive Control

– Holds government accountable through

No-Confidence Motion

.

Judicial Powers

– Can impeach the President and judges.

Amendment Powers

– Participates in constitutional amendments.

 

Explain the composition and powers of the Rajya Sabha.

 

Answer:

Composition:

250 members (238 elected, 12 nominated by President).

Powers:

 

Participates in law-making.

Reviews and suggests changes to Money Bills.

Approves Constitutional Amendments.

Represents States in federal matters.

 

What is the difference between Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha?

 

Answer:

Feature	Lok Sabha	Rajya Sabha
Members	552	250
Tenure	5 years	Permanent (1/3rd retires every 2 years)
Leadership	Speaker	Vice-President (Chairman)
Money Bill	Final say	Only recommends
Dissolution	Can be dissolved	Cannot be dissolved

Describe the role of the Speaker of Lok Sabha.

 

Answer:

Presides over

Lok Sabha sessions

.

Maintains

discipline and order

.

Decides whether a Bill is a

Money Bill

.

Represents the Lok Sabha to the

President

.

 

What is the legislative process in the Parliament?

 

Answer:

First Reading:

Bill introduced.

Second Reading:

Discussion and voting.

Committee Stage:

Review and changes.

Third Reading:

Final approval.

President’s Assent:

Becomes law.

 

What is the role of Parliament in financial matters?

 

Answer:

Approves

Budget and taxation

.

Passes

Money Bills

(only Lok Sabha).

Votes on demands

for grants.

Discusses government spending.

 

Explain the importance of the Parliamentary Committees.

 

Answer:

Reduces workload

of Parliament.

Examines Bills

in detail

.

Ensures

executive accountability

.

Example:

Public Accounts Committee

(checks government spending).

 

What is the role of Parliament in controlling the Executive?

 

Answer:

Question Hour

– Ministers answer MPs' questions.

Zero Hour

– Urgent matters are discussed.

No-Confidence Motion

– Government can be removed.

 

What is a Money Bill? Who decides whether a Bill is a Money Bill?

 

Answer:

A Bill that deals with

taxation, borrowing, or government expenditure

.

The

Speaker of Lok Sabha

decides if a Bill is a Money Bill.

 

What are the types of Bills in Parliament?

 

Answer:

Ordinary Bill

– Any law except finance or constitutional matters.

Money Bill

– Deals with government finance.

Constitutional Amendment Bill

– Changes Constitution.

 

What is a No-Confidence Motion? How does it affect the government?

 

Answer:

A motion moved in Lok Sabha

to remove the government

.

If passed, the

Prime Minister must resign

.

 

How can the President’s Ordinances be challenged?

 

Answer:

Parliament must approve within

6 weeks

.

The

Supreme Court

can declare it unconstitutional.

 

 

What is an impeachment process? Who can be impeached?

 

Answer:

Impeachment

is the process of

removing the President

for violation of the Constitution.

Requires

two-thirds majority

in both Houses.

 

What is the role of the Rajya Sabha in the amendment of the Constitution?

 

Answer:

Has

equal power as Lok Sabha

.

Must approve amendments with a

two-thirds majority

.

 

What is the significance of the Anti-Defection Law?

 

Answer:

Prevents MPs/MLAs from

changing parties after election

.

Ensures

political stability

.

 

What are the qualifications and disqualifications of MPs?

 

Answer:

 

Qualifications:

Citizen of India.

25 years for Lok Sabha, 30 years for Rajya Sabha.

 

Disqualifications:

Holds an

office of profit

.

Found guilty of

corruption or crime

.

 

What is the process of passing the Budget in Parliament?

 

Answer:

Presentation:

Finance Minister presents Budget.

Discussion:

MPs debate allocations.

Voting:

Lok Sabha votes on grants.

Approval:

Rajya Sabha discusses, but Lok Sabha has final say.