Extra 30 Short Questions and Answers on the Chapter "Justice"
Class 11 Political Science
1. What is the meaning of justice?
Answer: Justice refers to the fair and equitable treatment of all individuals in society. It ensures that laws, policies, and opportunities are distributed in a way that upholds fairness and equality.
2. What are the main types of justice?
Answer: The four main types of justice are:
Social Justice
– Equal opportunities and rights for all.
Economic Justice
– Fair distribution of wealth and resources.
Political Justice
– Equal political rights and participation.
Legal Justice
– Equal treatment under the law.
3. What is social justice?
Answer: Social justice ensures that all individuals receive equal rights and opportunities, irrespective of caste, gender, religion, or class. It aims to eliminate social inequalities.
4. What is economic justice?
Answer: Economic justice means fair distribution of wealth, resources, and job opportunities so that no individual or group remains disadvantaged due to financial inequalities.
5. What is political justice?
Answer: Political justice ensures that all individuals have equal access to political rights, such as voting, contesting elections, and participating in governance.
6. What is legal justice?
Answer: Legal justice refers to the fair and equal application of laws to all citizens, ensuring that no one is above the law.
7. How does the Indian Constitution ensure justice?
Answer: The Preamble of the Indian Constitution promises social, economic, and political justice. It is enforced through Fundamental Rights (Articles 14-18) and Directive Principles of State Policy.
8. What is affirmative action?
Answer: Affirmative action refers to policies like reservations for SCs, STs, OBCs, and economically weaker sections to promote social justice and reduce historical inequalities.
9. What is distributive justice?
Answer: Distributive justice ensures that wealth, resources, and opportunities are fairly distributed in society, preventing economic and social disparities.
10. What is procedural justice?
Answer: Procedural justice means that laws, trials, and government decisions should follow fair and transparent procedures, ensuring equality for all.
11. What is retributive justice?
Answer: Retributive justice deals with punishment for crimes to ensure that offenders face fair consequences for their actions, maintaining law and order.
12. What is compensatory justice?
Answer: Compensatory justice aims to provide compensation or benefits to individuals or communities who have suffered injustice in the past.
13. How is justice related to equality?
Answer: Justice ensures that equality is implemented in society, giving everyone fair opportunities and access to resources without discrimination.
14. What is the importance of justice in a democracy?
Answer: Justice is essential in a democracy as it guarantees equal rights, protects citizens from discrimination, and ensures that the government functions fairly.
15. Who proposed the concept of 'Justice as Fairness'?
Answer: John Rawls proposed the concept of "Justice as Fairness" in his book "A Theory of Justice" (1971), emphasizing equal opportunities for all.
16. What are the principles of John Rawls’ theory of justice?
Answer:
Equal Liberty Principle
– All individuals should have equal basic freedoms.
Difference Principle
– Economic inequalities should benefit the most disadvantaged.
17. What is the role of the judiciary in ensuring justice?
Answer: The judiciary protects justice by interpreting laws, ensuring fair trials, and protecting fundamental rights of citizens.
18. What is the difference between natural justice and legal justice?
Answer:
Natural Justice
– Based on moral fairness and ethical values.
Legal Justice
– Based on laws and legal procedures framed by the government.
19. How does economic justice help in reducing poverty?
Answer: Economic justice reduces poverty by providing fair wages, job opportunities, and social welfare schemes to ensure equal economic growth.
20. How does political justice protect democracy?
Answer: Political justice protects democracy by ensuring that every citizen has equal voting rights, political participation, and access to government institutions.
21. What is the role of Fundamental Rights in achieving justice?
Answer: Fundamental Rights (Articles 14-18) provide legal, social, and economic justice by prohibiting discrimination and ensuring equal treatment under the law.
22. How does the Indian Constitution promote social justice?
Answer: The Indian Constitution promotes social justice through:
Abolition of untouchability (Article 17)
Reservations for backward classes
Prohibition of discrimination (Article 15)
23. What is the importance of economic justice in society?
Answer: Economic justice reduces poverty, unemployment, and income inequality, leading to a more balanced and fair society.
24. What is the significance of legal justice?
Answer: Legal justice ensures that laws are applied equally to all citizens, protecting them from discrimination and unlawful actions.
25. What is social discrimination?
Answer: Social discrimination is the unfair treatment of individuals based on caste, gender, religion, or economic status, violating principles of justice.
26. How does globalization impact justice?
Answer: Globalization impacts justice by providing economic opportunities but also widening income gaps, sometimes leading to economic injustice.
27. How does the Preamble of the Indian Constitution promote justice?
Answer: The Preamble ensures social, economic, and political justice for all citizens, making India a welfare state.
28. How does justice help in maintaining social harmony?
Answer: Justice ensures fairness, equality, and protection of rights, reducing social conflicts and promoting peace in society.
29. What is the significance of affirmative action in justice?
Answer: Affirmative action provides special opportunities to disadvantaged groups, ensuring social justice and equal representation.
30. How can justice be ensured in a society?
Answer: Justice can be ensured through:
Strong legal frameworks
Equal rights and opportunities
Transparent governance and fair policies
