Extra Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) with answers from the chapter "Nature of State Activity: Individualism" for Class 11 Political Science:
Which political ideology emphasizes individual freedom over state control?
a) Communism
b) Socialism
c) Individualism
d) Totalitarianism
Ans:
c) Individualism
Who is considered the father of Individualism?
a) Karl Marx
b) Adam Smith
c) John Locke
d) Plato
Ans:
c) John Locke
Which economic system is closely associated with individualism?
a) Capitalism
b) Socialism
c) Communism
d) Feudalism
Ans:
a) Capitalism
What is the primary function of the state according to individualism?
a) Complete economic control
b) Protection of individual rights and property
c) Regulating every aspect of life
d) Controlling the media
Ans:
b) Protection of individual rights and property
Which of the following is a key feature of individualism?
a) Collective ownership of resources
b) Government control over businesses
c) Freedom of speech and choice
d) Centralized planning
Ans:
c) Freedom of speech and choice
Which philosopher advocated the idea of "Laissez-faire" in economic policy?
a) John Stuart Mill
b) Adam Smith
c) Rousseau
d) Karl Marx
Ans:
b) Adam Smith
Which book by John Locke supports the idea of individual rights and limited government?
a) The Wealth of Nations
b) Leviathan
c) Two Treatises of Government
d) The Republic
Ans:
c) Two Treatises of Government
According to individualists, the state should focus on which function?
a) Controlling markets
b) Expanding welfare programs
c) Maintaining law and order
d) Nationalizing industries
Ans:
c) Maintaining law and order
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of individualism?
a) Free competition
b) State ownership of industries
c) Personal responsibility
d) Minimal government interference
Ans:
b) State ownership of industries
Who among the following supported the idea of a "Night-watchman State"?
a) Karl Marx
b) John Locke
c) Thomas Hobbes
d) Plato
Ans:
b) John Locke
The idea of individualism gained popularity during which period?
a) Medieval Period
b) Renaissance
c) Industrial Revolution
d) Cold War
Ans:
c) Industrial Revolution
Which ideology is the opposite of individualism?
a) Liberalism
b) Capitalism
c) Collectivism
d) Federalism
Ans:
c) Collectivism
Which of the following rights is emphasized in individualism?
a) Right to equality
b) Right to private property
c) Right to state benefits
d) Right to collective ownership
Ans:
b) Right to private property
Who among the following is a supporter of classical liberalism?
a) Karl Marx
b) Adam Smith
c) Vladimir Lenin
d) Mao Zedong
Ans:
b) Adam Smith
What does the phrase "Laissez-faire" mean?
a) Government should regulate all businesses
b) Government should not interfere in the economy
c) Government should control workers' rights
d) Government should provide free healthcare
Ans:
b) Government should not interfere in the economy
Which of the following is NOT supported by individualism?
a) Free-market economy
b) Personal freedom
c) Government intervention in all sectors
d) Private ownership
Ans:
c) Government intervention in all sectors
Which of the following thinkers is associated with the Harm Principle?
a) Karl Marx
b) John Stuart Mill
c) Rousseau
d) Aristotle
Ans:
b) John Stuart Mill
According to John Stuart Mill, when can the state interfere in individual actions?
a) When it benefits the economy
b) When it prevents harm to others
c) When people are poor
d) When businesses make profits
Ans:
b) When it prevents harm to others
Which of the following best describes a "Minimal State"?
a) A state that controls all economic activities
b) A state that only maintains law and order
c) A state that provides free education and healthcare
d) A state that imposes heavy taxes
Ans:
b) A state that only maintains law and order
Which political system is most aligned with individualism?
a) Democracy
b) Dictatorship
c) Socialism
d) Communism
Ans:
a) Democracy
What is the main criticism of individualism?
a) It gives too much power to the government
b) It ignores social responsibilities
c) It encourages dictatorship
d) It leads to slow economic growth
Ans:
b) It ignores social responsibilities
Which type of economy is based on individualist principles?
a) Command economy
b) Mixed economy
c) Free-market economy
d) Traditional economy
Ans:
c) Free-market economy
Which country is often cited as an example of individualism in practice?
a) North Korea
b) India
c) United States
d) China
Ans:
c) United States
Which of the following is a disadvantage of excessive individualism?
a) Decreased economic growth
b) Weak social welfare systems
c) Increased government control
d) Strong community bonds
Ans:
b) Weak social welfare systems
Which system supports the idea of "Survival of the fittest" in the economy?
a) Socialism
b) Capitalism
c) Communism
d) Collectivism
Ans:
b) Capitalism
10 Fill in the Blanks
The principle of
__________
advocates minimal state intervention in economic affairs.
(Answer: Laissez-faire)
The political ideology that emphasizes individual rights and limited government is called
__________.
(Answer: Individualism)
John Locke's book
__________
laid the foundation for the concept of individualism and limited government.
(Answer: Two Treatises of Government)
According to individualism, the primary function of the state is to protect
__________
and
__________.
(Answer: Life, Property)
The economic system that aligns with individualist principles is known as
__________.
(Answer: Capitalism)
The idea that individuals should have freedom of speech, thought, and action as long as they do not harm others was promoted by
__________.
(Answer: John Stuart Mill)
The concept of a
__________
State suggests that the government should only focus on maintaining law and order.
(Answer: Minimal)
The term
__________
refers to a system where businesses and industries are owned privately rather than by the government.
(Answer: Free-market economy)
Adam Smith is known for his book
__________,
which supports the idea of economic individualism.
(Answer: The Wealth of Nations)
In an individualist society, people are encouraged to rely on their own abilities rather than depending on
__________.
(Answer: The government)
