The-passive-class-11-alternate-english-grammer-board-exam-pattern-practice-questions-answers-chse
RULES
The passive voice shifts the focus of a sentence from the subject (the one doing the action) to the object (the one receiving the action). It's formed using the verb "to be" plus the past participle of the main verb. The person or thing performing the action is either moved to the end of the sentence with the word "by" or is omitted entirely if it's unknown or unimportant.
Passive Voice Formation Rules
The key to forming the passive voice is to get the correct tense of the auxiliary verb "to be." The main verb is always in its past participle form.
Passive Tenses
Here's how to form the passive voice for each tense:
1. Simple Passive
Simple Present: The job is done by him.
Active: He does the job.
Simple Past: The job was done by him.
Active: He did the job.
Simple Future: The job will be done by him.
Active: He will do the job.
2. Progressive Passive
Present Progressive: The job is being done by him.
Active: He is doing the job.
Past Progressive: The job was being done by him.
Active: He was doing the job.
Note: The future progressive is rarely used in the passive voice and is often considered grammatically awkward.
3. Perfect Passive
Present Perfect: The job has been done by him.
Active: He has done the job.
Past Perfect: The job had been done by him.
Active: He had done the job.
Future Perfect: The job will have been done by him.
Active: He will have done the job.
4. Passive with Modals
Modal + be + past participle: The job can be done by him.
Active: He can do the job.
Example Modals: can, could, may, might, must, should, would, ought to.
Example: The project should be completed by Friday.
KEY USAGE POINTS
When to Use Passive Voice:
When the doer of the action is unknown or unimportant. (e.g., The window was broken. We don't know who broke it.)
When the focus is on the action or the object receiving the action. (e.g., A new hospital was built in the town. The focus is on the hospital, not the builders.)
In formal or scientific writing, to create an objective tone. (e.g., The results were analyzed in the lab.)
The "by" phrase: The phrase with "by" is used to mention the doer of the action. It's often omitted when the doer is unimportant, obvious, or unknown.
The car was stolen. (We don't know who stole it.)
The food was cooked by the chef. (The chef is important to mention.)
Transitive Verbs: Only verbs that can take a direct object (transitive verbs) can be used in the passive voice. You cannot use intransitive verbs (verbs that do not take a direct object) in the passive voice.
Correct: The door was opened. (Open is a transitive verb.)
Incorrect: He was arrived. (Arrive is an intransitive verb.)
FILL-IN-THE-BLANKS:
Instructions: Fill in the blanks with the correct passive form of the verb given in parentheses.
1.The letter _________ yesterday. (write)
2.The car _________ by the mechanic right now. (repair)
3.The book _________ by a famous author. (write)
4.The cake _________ by the time we arrived. (eat)
5.This movie _________ by millions of people. (watch)
6.The report _________ by the end of the week. (finish)
7.A new school _________ in our town next year. (build)
8.The window _________ by the wind last night. (break)
9.Lunch _________ by the chef at the moment. (prepare)
10.The bridge _________ when the storm hit. (build)
11.The novel _________ into twenty languages. (translate)
12.The project _________ by the students. (complete)
13.The missing child _________ by the police. (find)
14.The food _________ before the guests came. (serve)
15.This room _________ every day. (clean)
16.The email _________ yet. (not send)
17.Her car _________ yesterday afternoon. (steal)
18.The trees _________ by the workers. (cut down)
19.My bicycle _________ by my brother. (borrow)
20.The song _________ by a popular singer. (sing)
21.The game _________ by the home team. (win)
22.The tickets _________ at the counter. (sell)
23.The museum _________ at 9 AM. (open)
24.The test results _________ to the students soon. (give)
25.The criminal _________ by the police. (arrest)
26.Dinner _________ before you arrive. (cook)
27.The old house _________ right now. (demolish)
28.The new road _________ by the end of the year. (construct)
29.A new language _________ here. (teach)
30.The house _________ before they sold it. (paint)
31.The patient _________ to the hospital. (take)
32.My wallet _________ from my bag. (steal)
33.The package _________ by a courier. (deliver)
34.The concert _________ by an unexpected rainstorm. (interrupt)
35.The documents _________ by the time I get to the office. (sign)
36.This book _________ by many famous writers. (read)
37.The city _________ by a sudden flood. (cover)
38.The new law _________ by the parliament. (pass)
39.The project _________ for several months. (develop)
40.The students _________ the new rules. (inform)
41.Her phone _________ for three hours when she found it. (charge)
42.A delicious meal _________ by the chef. (prepare)
43.The dog _________ by the neighbor. (feed)
44.The car _________ to the scrapyard. (take)
45.The film _________ in a week. (release)
46.The children _________ to bed. (put)
47.The report _________ yet. (not approve)
48.The vase _________ by the cat. (knock over)
49.The presentation _________ by next Monday. (prepare)
50.The computer _________ since yesterday. (not use)
ANSWERS
was written
is being repaired
was written
had been eaten
is watched
will be finished
will be built
was broken
is being prepared
was being built
has been translated
has been completed
was found
had been served
is cleaned
has not been sent
was stolen
were cut down
was borrowed
was sung
was won
are sold
is opened
will be given
was arrested
will have been cooked
is being demolished
will have been constructed
is taught
had been painted
was taken
was stolen
was delivered
was interrupted
will have been signed
has been read
was covered
was passed
has been being developed
were informed
had been being charged
was prepared
was fed
was taken
will be released
were put
has not been approved
was knocked over
will have been prepared
has not been used
