Human Physiology : Biology – class 11 – CHSE

a. Digestion and Absorption

 

1-Largest digestive gland: Liver

2-Gland secreting digestive enzymes and hormones: Pancreas

3-Muscular contractions moving food in alimentary canal: Peristalsis

4-Enzyme for milk protein digestion in infants: Rennin

5-Final product of fat digestion: Fatty acids / Glycerol

6-Condition of improper digestion: Indigestion

7-Yellowish skin due to bile pigments: Jaundice

b. Breathing and Respiration

8. Primary respiratory organ in humans: Lungs

9. Exchange of gases occurs in: Alveoli

10. Voice box of humans: Larynx

11. Volume of air inhaled/exhaled per minute: Minute volume

12. Maximum volume of air exhaled after forced inhalation: Vital capacity

13. Respiratory pigment in human blood: Hemoglobin

14. Disorder where alveolar walls are damaged: Emphysema

 

c. Body Fluids and Circulation

15. Component of blood responsible for clotting: Platelets

16. Blood group lacking A and B antigens: O group

17. Pacemaker of the heart: SA node

18. Upper chambers of the heart: Atria

19. Largest vein: Vena Cava

20. Relaxation phase of heart: Diastole

21. Recording of heart's electrical activity: ECG

22. Condition of high blood pressure: Hypertension

 

d. Excretory Products and their Elimination

23. Nitrogenous waste product in birds: Uric acid

24. Filtration unit of kidney: Glomerulus

25. Process of selective reabsorption in nephron: Tubular reabsorption

26. Hormone increasing water reabsorption in kidney: ADH

27. Accumulation of urea in blood: Uremia

28. Stones formed in kidney: Renal calculi

29. Artificial kidney procedure: Dialysis

30. Excretion of urea: Ureotelism

 

e. Locomotion and Movement

31. Proteins involved in muscle contraction: Actin, Myosin

32. Movement of white blood cells (WBCs): Amoeboid

33. Immovable joints are called: Synarthroses

34. Joint allowing movement in one plane only: Hinge joint

35. Disorder causing painful inflammation of joints: Arthritis

36. Muscle disorder with progressive degeneration: Muscular dystrophy

37. Structure connecting muscle to bone: Tendon

 

f. Neural Control and Coordination

38. Functional unit of nervous system: Neuron

39. Part of neuron that transmits nerve impulse away from cell body: Axon

40. Largest part of forebrain: Cerebrum

41. Smallest part of brain: Midbrain

42. Involuntary rapid response to stimulus: Reflex action

43. Photosensitive pigment in rod cells of eye: Rhodopsin

44. Auditory ossicle attached to oval window: Stapes

 

g. Chemical Coordination and Regulation

45. Gland regulating basal metabolic rate: Thyroid

46. Hormone for "fight or flight" response: Adrenaline

47. Gland producing melatonin: Pineal gland

48. Hormone regulating blood calcium levels (from parathyroid): Parathormone

49. Deficiency of insulin hormone: Diabetes mellitus

50. Oversecretion of growth hormone in childhood: Gigantism