Extra 30 short question and answers of chapter-4 "Forest Society and Colonialism" for Class 9 CBSE History:-
Q: What were the main reasons for deforestation during the colonial period in India?
A: Expansion of railways, shipbuilding, and agricultural expansion.
Q: What was 'scientific forestry'?
A: A system where natural forests were cut down and replaced by single types of trees in straight rows.
Q: Name the act that divided Indian forests into Reserved, Protected, and Village forests.
A: The Indian Forest Act of 1878.
Q: What impact did the Forest Acts have on village communities?
A: It led to the loss of traditional rights and access to forest resources.
Q: What is 'jhum' cultivation?
A: It's a type of shifting cultivation where patches of forest are cut and burned for agriculture.
Q: Why was teak wood important to the British?
A: It was used for shipbuilding and railway sleepers due to its durability.
Q: What were 'sleepers' in the context of railways?
A: Wooden planks laid across railway tracks to hold them in place.
Q: Where was the Imperial Forest Research Institute established?
A: Dehradun.
Q: What was the main demand of the
Bastar
rebels?
A: Restoration of their traditional forest rights.
Q: Who led the
Bastar
rebellion?
A:
Gunda
Dhur
.
Q: What was the 'Criminal Tribes Act'?
A: An act that criminalized certain tribal communities, restricting their movement.
Q: How did World Wars affect Indian forests?
A: They led to extensive deforestation to meet wartime needs.
Q: What was the purpose of the Forest Department?
A: To manage and exploit forests for colonial economic benefits.
Q: What is 'commercial forestry'?
A: Growing forests for timber production and economic gain.
Q: What were the effects of forest policies on tribal livelihoods?
A: It resulted in the loss of traditional livelihoods and displacement.
Q: Why did the
British
ban shifting cultivation?
A: They wanted forests that could be easily controlled and produce timber.
Q: What was the effect of reserved forests on local people?
A:
They where
banned from entering reserved forests.
Q: What where the effects of the expansion of railways?
A: It led to the destruction of forests for sleepers and fuel.
Q: What was the effect of the forest act of 1865?
A: It led to the
British
declaring some forests as state property.
Q: Why was forest land converted to agricultural land?
A: To produce cash crops like jute, sugar, and cotton.
Q: What social changes where caused by the forest policies?
A: Forest communities where forced to change their traditional lifestyles.
Q: What was the role of the forest department?
A: They surveyed forests, and made working plans for timber production.
Q: What where the effects of the 1927 forest act?
A: It made forest offences a crime.
Q: What was the effect of the demand for railway sleepers?
A: It led to the rapid destruction of forests.
Q: What was the effect of the demand for ships?
A: It led to the deforestation of teak forests.
Q: What where the effects of the criminal
tribes
act?
A: It
lead
to the restriction of tribal movement, and the criminalization of traditional practices.
Q: What was the effect of the
Bastar
rebellion?
A: It forced the
British
to temporarily suspend some forest policies.
Q: What was the purpose of the forest surveys?
A: To assess the
amount
of trees, and plan for
there
use.
Q: What where the effects of the world wars on the forests?
A: Increased demand for timber, and rapid deforestation.
Q: How did the forest acts affect tribal communities traditional hunting practices?
A: The acts banned traditional hunting practices.
