Extra 30 short-answer questions of Chapter 5, Understanding Marginalization, from Class 8 Civics (CBSE):-

1. What is marginalization?

Marginalization is the process by which certain groups are pushed to the edges of society, limiting their access to resources, opportunities, and decision-making.

2. Who are the Adivasis?

Adivasis are the indigenous or tribal people of India who have traditionally lived in forests and rural areas, often facing social and economic marginalization.

3. What are the key reasons for the marginalization of Adivasis?

The main reasons include displacement due to industrial projects, deforestation, lack of political representation, and economic deprivation.

4. What are the major occupations of Adivasis?

Adivasis traditionally engage in occupations like agriculture, hunting, gathering, shifting cultivation, and handicrafts.

5. What is the impact of industrialization on Adivasis?

Industrialization has led to large-scale displacement of Adivasis from their lands, loss of livelihoods, and socio-economic disadvantages.

6. How does the Constitution protect marginalized communities?

The Constitution provides reservations in education and jobs, safeguards against discrimination (Article 15), and abolishes untouchability (Article 17).

7. Who are Dalits?

Dalits, also known as Scheduled Castes, are historically oppressed communities in India who have faced caste-based discrimination.

8. How does marginalization affect Dalits?

Dalits often face social discrimination, lack of access to quality education, limited job opportunities, and social exclusion.

9. What is the significance of Article 17 in the Indian Constitution?

Article 17 abolishes untouchability and prohibits its practice in any form, ensuring legal protection for Dalits.

10. What challenges do Muslims face as a marginalized community in India?

Muslims often face economic disadvantages, lower literacy rates, poor political representation, and social discrimination.

11. What are the different forms of marginalization?

Marginalization can be social, economic, cultural, and political, restricting certain communities' rights and opportunities.

12. What is the role of education in reducing marginalization?

Education empowers marginalized communities by providing knowledge, skills, and opportunities for better employment and social inclusion.

13. How does economic marginalization impact a community?

Economic marginalization leads to poverty, unemployment, and lack of access to basic needs like healthcare, housing, and education.

14. What is the impact of displacement on Adivasis?

Displacement due to dams, mining, and industries forces Adivasis to migrate, leading to loss of traditional livelihoods and cultural identity.

15. How does political marginalization occur?

Political marginalization happens when certain groups are underrepresented in government and policy making, limiting their influence.

16. What is the significance of reservations for marginalized communities?

Reservations in education, jobs, and politics help ensure representation and equal opportunities for marginalized communities.

17. What is a ghetto, and how is it related to marginalization?

A ghetto is a segregated area where marginalized communities, like Dalits or Muslims, live due to economic or social exclusion.

18. What is the role of affirmative action in addressing marginalization?

Affirmative action policies provide special provisions like reservations to promote equality and uplift marginalized groups.

19. What are some government initiatives to help marginalized communities?

Schemes like Mid-Day Meal, Right to Education (RTE), and Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act help marginalized groups.

20. How does cultural marginalization affect communities?

Cultural marginalization erodes traditional languages, customs, and practices, making it difficult for communities to preserve their heritage.

21. What is the impact of globalization on marginalized communities?

Globalization can lead to job losses, loss of traditional industries, and cultural erosion for marginalized communities.

22. What role do NGOs play in helping marginalized communities?

NGOs provide education, healthcare, legal aid, and awareness programs to empower marginalized communities.

23. How does land alienation contribute to marginalization?

Land alienation occurs when marginalized groups lose ownership of their land due to legal, economic, or industrial pressures, leading to poverty.

24. Why are Adivasis vulnerable to displacement?

Adivasis often live in forested areas where large-scale industrial and infrastructure projects lead to forced displacement.

25. What is the Forest Rights Act, 2006?

The Forest Rights Act, 2006, gives Adivasis and traditional forest dwellers legal rights over forest land and resources.

26. How does social exclusion affect marginalized groups?

Social exclusion limits access to education, healthcare, employment, and political participation, reinforcing inequality.

27. Why is representation important for marginalized communities?

Representation ensures that marginalized voices are heard in policymaking, leading to laws that protect their rights.

28. What is the role of the media in addressing marginalization?

Media can highlight issues faced by marginalized groups, spread awareness, and advocate for their rights.

29. What are some stereotypes associated with marginalized groups?

Stereotypes include viewing Adivasis as primitive, Dalits as inferior, and Muslims as backward, reinforcing discrimination.

30. How can society reduce marginalization?

Society can reduce marginalization by promoting inclusive education, equal opportunities, political participation, and legal safeguards.