Extra Questions and Answers of Class 6 CBSE Geography Chapter 2: Globe – Latitudes and Longitudes NCERT:-
30 Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)
1. Which is the true model of the Earth?
a) Map
b) Sketch
c) Globe
✔️ Answer: c) Globe
2. Lines of latitude run from:
a) North to South
b) East to West
c) Diagonal
✔️ Answer: b) East to West
3. The Equator is at:
a) 90° N
b) 0°
c) 180°
✔️ Answer: b) 0°
4. Which is the longest latitude?
a) Arctic Circle
b) Tropic of Cancer
c) Equator
✔️ Answer: c) Equator
5. How many total latitudes are there?
a) 90
b) 181
c) 360
✔️ Answer: b) 181
6. Which is not a heat zone of Earth?
a) Torrid Zone
b) Cold Zone
c) Temperate Zone
✔️ Answer: b) Cold Zone
7. The Prime Meridian passes through:
a) New York
b) London
c) Greenwich
✔️ Answer: c) Greenwich
8. Which line divides the Earth into two equal halves?
a) Tropic of Cancer
b) Equator
c) Prime Meridian
✔️ Answer: b) Equator
9. How many longitudes are there in total?
a) 180
b) 360
c) 90
✔️ Answer: b) 360
10. What is the total number of hemispheres on Earth?
a) 2
b) 4
c) 6
✔️ Answer: b) 4
11. The Tropic of Capricorn is located at:
a) 23½° N
b) 66½° S
c) 23½° S
✔️ Answer: c) 23½° S
12. Arctic Circle is located at:
a) 66½° N
b) 66½° S
c) 90° N
✔️ Answer: a) 66½° N
13. What helps in determining time on Earth?
a) Latitude
b) Longitude
c) Equator
✔️ Answer: b) Longitude
14. The Earth rotates from:
a) West to East
b) East to West
c) North to South
✔️ Answer: a) West to East
15. How many degrees does Earth rotate in one hour?
a) 360°
b) 24°
c) 15°
✔️ Answer: c) 15°
16. What is the standard meridian of India?
a) 82½° E
b) 0°
c) 23½° N
✔️ Answer: a) 82½° E
17. Which zone is the hottest?
a) Torrid Zone
b) Temperate Zone
c) Frigid Zone
✔️ Answer: a) Torrid Zone
18. Frigid Zones are found near:
a) Tropics
b) Poles
c) Equator
✔️ Answer: b) Poles
19. The globe is mounted at an angle because:
a) It looks good
b) Earth is tilted
c) It’s easier to rotate
✔️ Answer: b) Earth is tilted
20. Which line is at 0° longitude?
a) Equator
b) Prime Meridian
c) Tropic of Cancer
✔️ Answer: b) Prime Meridian
21. Lines of longitude are also called:
a) Circles
b) Meridians
c) Arcs
✔️ Answer: b) Meridians
22. All meridians are of equal:
a) Length
b) Width
c) Latitude
✔️ Answer: a) Length
23. Which is a hemisphere?
a) South of Equator
b) Between Tropics
c) None
✔️ Answer: a) South of Equator
24. Which is NOT a latitude?
a) Tropic of Cancer
b) Prime Meridian
c) Equator
✔️ Answer: b) Prime Meridian
25. Lines of latitude are also called:
a) Parallels
b) Meridians
c) Slants
✔️ Answer: a) Parallels
26. Each degree of latitude is divided into:
a) 30 minutes
b) 60 minutes
c) 100 minutes
✔️ Answer: b) 60 minutes
27. How many hemispheres are formed by the Equator?
a) 3
b) 2
c) 4
✔️ Answer: b) 2
28. The line opposite the Prime Meridian is:
a) Equator
b) 180° Meridian
c) Tropic of Capricorn
✔️ Answer: b) 180° Meridian
29. The Earth is tilted at:
a) 66½°
b) 23½°
c) 90°
✔️ Answer: b) 23½°
30. The area between Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn is:
a) Frigid Zone
b) Torrid Zone
c) Temperate Zone
✔️ Answer: b) Torrid Zone
✍️ 30 Short Questions with Answers
1. What is a globe?
A globe is a small model of the Earth.
It shows the shape, continents, and oceans accurately.
2. What are latitudes?
Horizontal imaginary lines running parallel to the Equator.
Help in measuring distances north or south of the Equator.
3. Name the five major circles of latitude.
Equator, Tropic of Cancer, Tropic of Capricorn, Arctic Circle, Antarctic Circle.
4. What is the Equator?
It is 0° latitude.
Divides Earth into Northern and Southern Hemispheres.
5. What are longitudes?
Vertical lines from North Pole to South Pole.
Help in measuring east or west of the Prime Meridian.
6. Define Prime Meridian.
It is 0° longitude.
Passes through Greenwich, England.
7. Why do we need latitudes and longitudes?
To find exact location of places on Earth.
Useful in navigation and mapping.
8. What is the Torrid Zone?
Lies between Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn.
Receives maximum heat from the sun.
9. What are Frigid Zones?
Areas beyond the Arctic and Antarctic Circles.
Remain cold throughout the year.
10. How are meridians useful?
Help in determining time.
Used in locating places east or west.
11. What is the significance of 180° longitude?
It is the International Date Line.
Used to mark change in date.
12. What is the shape of the Earth?
Slightly flattened at poles.
Nearly spherical.
13. What is a hemisphere?
Half of the Earth.
Divided by Equator or Prime Meridian.
14. Why is the globe tilted?
To show Earth's actual tilt of 23½°.
Affects seasons.
15. What is the Standard Meridian of India?
82½° East.
Used to determine IST (Indian Standard Time).
16. What are parallels of latitude?
Lines parallel to the Equator.
Decrease in length from Equator to poles.
17. How many degrees are there in a full circle of longitude?
360 degrees.
180° East and 180° West from Prime Meridian.
18. Name the three heat zones.
Torrid, Temperate, and Frigid zones.
19. Which zone is moderate in climate?
Temperate Zone.
Lies between tropics and polar circles.
20. How are latitudes numbered?
From 0° at the Equator to 90° at poles.
21. Do longitudes meet?
Yes, all longitudes meet at the poles.
22. Which hemisphere is India in?
Northern and Eastern hemispheres.
23. What divides the Eastern and Western Hemispheres?
Prime Meridian.
24. What is GMT?
Greenwich Mean Time.
Time at 0° longitude.
25. How does Earth’s rotation relate to time?
Earth rotates 15° every hour.
Helps in calculating time zones.
26. How many time zones are there?
24 time zones, each for 15° of longitude.
27. Why is the Equator important?
Divides Earth equally.
Basis for measuring latitude.
28. What is the Antarctic Circle?
66½° S latitude.
Marks limit of southern frigid zone.
29. What is the Arctic Circle?
66½° N latitude.
Marks limit of northern frigid zone.
30. What is the International Date Line?
Follows 180° longitude.
Marks change in calendar date.
📚 20 Long Questions with Answers
1. What is a globe? What are its advantages and limitations?
Answer:
A globe is a miniature model of the Earth.
It shows the correct shape, size, and location of continents and oceans.
Globes help in understanding the Earth’s tilt, rotation, and divisions like hemispheres.
It shows important imaginary lines such as the Equator and Prime Meridian.
However, it cannot show detailed information like a map.
Also, it is not easy to carry everywhere due to its shape and size.
2. What are latitudes? Describe the major lines of latitude.
Answer:
Latitudes are imaginary horizontal lines drawn parallel to the Equator.
They help measure distance north or south of the Equator.
The main lines include:
Equator (0°)
– the central line dividing Earth into two hemispheres.
Tropic of Cancer (23½° N)
Tropic of Capricorn (23½° S)
Arctic Circle (66½° N)
Antarctic Circle (66½° S)
3. What are longitudes? Explain their characteristics.
Answer:
Longitudes are vertical imaginary lines from the North Pole to the South Pole.
They measure distance east or west of the Prime Meridian (0° longitude).
There are 360 longitudes – 180° East and 180° West.
All longitudes are of equal length and meet at the poles.
They help in determining time zones.
The Prime Meridian and 180° longitude together form a full circle.
4. What is the Equator? What is its significance?
Answer:
The Equator is an imaginary line at 0° latitude.
It divides Earth into the
Northern Hemisphere
and
Southern Hemisphere
.
It is the longest parallel of latitude.
The sun is directly overhead the Equator during equinoxes.
Regions around the Equator receive direct sunlight and are hot.
It is used as the base for measuring all other latitudes.
5. Describe the heat zones of the Earth.
Answer:
Earth is divided into
three heat zones
based on the sun’s rays.
Torrid Zone:
Between the Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn.
Hottest zone due to direct sunlight.
Temperate Zones:
Between tropics and polar circles (moderate climate).
Frigid Zones:
Between polar circles and poles.
Coldest regions due to slanting sunlight.
6. What is the Prime Meridian? Why is it important?
Answer:
It is the 0° longitude, passing through
Greenwich, England
.
It divides Earth into
Eastern and Western Hemispheres
.
It helps in calculating time –
Greenwich Mean Time (GMT)
.
All other longitudes are measured in degrees east or west of it.
It is important for navigation and creating time zones.
With 180° longitude, it forms a full circle.
7. What is the difference between latitudes and longitudes?
Answer:
|
Latitudes |
Longitudes |
|---|---|
|
Horizontal lines |
Vertical lines |
|
Run east-west |
Run north-south |
|
Help measure north/south |
Help measure east/west |
|
Vary in length |
All are equal in length |
|
181 latitudes |
360 longitudes |
|
Equator is main latitude |
Prime Meridian is main longitude |
8. How do longitudes help in determining time?
Answer:
The Earth rotates 360° in 24 hours, or 15° every hour.
Each 15° longitude equals a time difference of 1 hour.
Time zones are based on longitudes.
Places east of Greenwich are ahead in time; west are behind.
The 180° longitude marks the
International Date Line
.
Standard times for countries are decided using central longitudes.
9. What are the hemispheres? How is Earth divided into hemispheres?
Answer:
A
hemisphere
is half of the Earth.
Earth can be divided into:
Northern & Southern Hemispheres
by the Equator.
Eastern & Western Hemispheres
by the Prime Meridian.
Each hemisphere contains different continents and oceans.
India lies in the
Northern
and
Eastern Hemispheres
.
This division helps in studying Earth more systematically.
Hemispheres affect seasons and climate patterns.
10. Write a short note on the Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn.
Answer:
Tropic of Cancer (23½° N):
Passes through India and other countries.
Marks the northern limit of the sun’s direct rays in summer.
Tropic of Capricorn (23½° S):
Located in the Southern Hemisphere.
Marks the southern limit of direct sunlight in December.
Both are important for understanding seasons and climate zones.
Areas between these lines are in the
Torrid Zone
.
Used for geographical and climatic studies.
11. What are the characteristics of the Frigid Zones?
Answer:
Located between Arctic Circle & North Pole (North Frigid)
and Antarctic Circle & South Pole (South Frigid).
These zones receive slanting sunrays throughout the year.
Sun remains low in the sky; regions stay cold.
These areas experience polar day and night.
Snow and ice are common.
Vegetation is limited to mosses and lichens.
12. Why do we use a globe? Explain its features.
Answer:
A globe shows the Earth’s shape, continents, and oceans accurately.
It displays imaginary lines like Equator and Prime Meridian.
Shows tilt of Earth's axis (23½°), which causes seasons.
Useful for understanding time zones and hemispheres.
Helps visualize Earth's rotation and latitudes/longitudes.
Cannot provide detailed data like maps.
13. What is the International Date Line (IDL)?
Answer:
It is the 180° longitude, opposite the Prime Meridian.
Marks the change of date from one day to the next.
Crossing from east to west = go forward a day.
Crossing from west to east = go back a day.
It avoids cutting through land; zigzags near islands.
Important for air travel and international trade.
14. Explain how time is calculated using longitudes.
Answer:
Earth rotates 15° every hour (360° in 24 hours).
Each 15° of longitude = 1 hour difference in time.
Based on this, the Earth is divided into
24 time zones
.
Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) is the base time.
Countries set their time as per their central longitude.
India follows IST based on 82½° E longitude.
15. Describe the Temperate Zones of the Earth.
Answer:
Located between the
Tropics and Polar Circles
.
Receive slanting rays for part of the year.
Climate is moderate—not too hot or too cold.
Experience four distinct seasons.
Support a variety of vegetation and human life.
Example regions: Europe, USA, parts of China.
16. Explain why all places on Earth do not experience the same climate.
Answer:
Due to Earth’s spherical shape, sun rays fall differently.
Equator receives direct rays – hot.
Poles receive slanting rays – cold.
Tilt of Earth's axis causes seasons.
Altitude, ocean currents, and winds also affect climate.
So, different regions experience different climates.
17. Why is the Standard Time of India fixed at 82½° E?
Answer:
India is wide in east-west direction.
To avoid confusion from different local times.
82½° E passes through Mirzapur (UP), almost centrally.
Based on this longitude, IST is calculated.
IST is 5 hours 30 minutes ahead of GMT.
Brings uniformity across India.
18. How does the tilt of the Earth affect seasons?
Answer:
Earth is tilted at 23½° on its axis.
As it orbits the sun, different parts get direct sunlight.
Causes seasons – summer, winter, etc.
Northern and Southern Hemispheres have opposite seasons.
When North Pole tilts towards sun – summer in north.
When South Pole tilts towards sun – summer in south.
19. What is the significance of imaginary lines on the globe?
Answer:
Help in locating places on Earth.
Latitudes measure distance north/south of Equator.
Longitudes measure east/west of Prime Meridian.
Help in determining time zones and climate zones.
Important for navigation and travel.
Aid in scientific studies of Earth’s geography.
20. Explain why the globe is tilted on its stand.
Answer:
Earth is tilted at an angle of 23½° on its axis.
The globe shows this actual tilt.
This tilt is responsible for seasons.
Helps students understand how sun rays affect Earth.
Shows Earth’s rotation and revolution clearly.
Makes the study of geography realistic.
