Extra 20 long-answer questions from the chapter 5 "Print Culture and the Modern World" for Class 10 CBSE History:
1-10: Early Printing and Its Impact in Europe
1. Describe the development of print technology in China, Japan, and Korea.
Answer:
China was the first to develop print technology using
woodblock printing
.
Buddhist monks
helped spread woodblock printing to Korea and Japan.
The Chinese started printing
books, playing cards, and textiles
as early as the
6th century
.
Korea invented the
movable metal type printing
in the
13th century
.
The Japanese used
hand-printing techniques
to produce their books.
Printing in these regions helped spread
Buddhism, education, and literature
.
2. Explain the role of Johannes Gutenberg in the history of printing.
Answer:
Johannes Gutenberg, a German craftsman,
invented the movable-type printing press
in the 1440s.
His most famous printed work was the
Gutenberg Bible
.
His invention
revolutionized book production
by making books faster and cheaper.
This increased
literacy rates
in Europe as more people could afford books.
The press helped spread
Renaissance and scientific ideas
.
It played a key role in
Martin Luther’s Protestant Reformation
by spreading his ideas.
3. What were the effects of the printing press on European society?
Answer:
Printing
reduced book costs
, making knowledge available to common people.
Literacy rates
increased
, especially among the middle class.
Newspapers and pamphlets
helped spread political and social ideas.
It helped
scientists like Galileo
spread their discoveries.
Religious debates
became widespread, leading to reforms like the Protestant Reformation.
Printing contributed to the
growth of nationalism
in Europe.
4. How did print culture contribute to the Protestant Reformation?
Answer:
Martin Luther's
95 Theses
criticizing the Catholic Church were printed and spread widely.
The printing press helped in
mass production of Bibles
in local languages.
People could now read and
interpret religious texts themselves
.
Reformers used print to spread
anti-Church ideas
.
It encouraged religious
debates and discussions
among common people.
Eventually, it led to the
formation of Protestant churches
across Europe.
5. How did print culture contribute to the growth of the Renaissance?
Answer:
Renaissance was a period of
cultural rebirth
in Europe.
The printing press spread the ideas of
humanism, art, and science
.
Books on
philosophy, literature, and science
became widely available.
Writers like
Shakespeare and Machiavelli
became famous through printed books.
Scientific discoveries by
Copernicus and Galileo
reached the masses.
The spread of knowledge
challenged traditional beliefs
and led to new ideas.
6-10: Print Culture in India and Its Role in Nationalism
6. Describe the impact of print culture in India.
Answer:
The
Portuguese introduced
the first printing press in India in
Goa (1556)
.
Early printing was done in
Konkani and Tamil languages
.
By the
19th century, newspapers and books
became widespread.
Reformers like
Raja
Rammohan
Roy
used print to spread
social reform ideas
.
Newspapers played a crucial role in the
Indian freedom struggle
.
Print helped in
educating women and the lower castes
.
7. Explain the role of newspapers in the Indian freedom struggle.
Answer:
Newspapers spread
awareness about British policies
.
They criticized
unjust laws and policies
of the British government.
Leaders like
Bal Gangadhar Tilak used
Kesari
to inspire people.
Mahatma Gandhi used
Young India and
Harijan
to promote
non-violence and swadeshi
.
Newspapers encouraged people to join
movements like Non-Cooperation and Civil Disobedience
.
The British passed the
Vernacular Press Act (1878)
to suppress nationalist newspapers.
8. How did print culture help in the spread of social reforms in India?
Answer:
Reformers used print
to spread ideas about
abolition of Sati, child marriage, and caste discrimination
.
Raja
Rammohan
Roy’s
Sambad
Kaumudi
promoted
widow remarriage
.
Jyotiba
Phule’s
Gulamgiri
exposed
caste discrimination
.
B.R. Ambedkar’s
Mooknayak
raised voice against
untouchability
.
Newspapers educated people on
women’s rights and social justice
.
Print made social reforms
accessible to more people
.
9. What was the Vernacular Press Act (1878)? Why was it passed?
Answer:
The
Vernacular Press Act
was passed by the
British government in 1878
.
It aimed to
censor newspapers
that criticized British rule.
Indian newspapers had started spreading
nationalist ideas
.
The act allowed the government to
seize press equipment
of any newspaper that published anti-British articles.
It was strongly opposed by Indian leaders and
abolished in 1882
.
Despite censorship, newspapers continued to
spread nationalist ideas
.
10. How did print culture contribute to women’s empowerment in India?
Answer:
Print enabled women to
access books and newspapers
, increasing literacy.
Women began writing about
their rights and experiences
.
Magazines like
Bamabodhini
Patrika
encouraged
female education
.
Reformers like
Pandita
Ramabai
wrote against social evils.
Women’s autobiographies and novels became popular.
Print helped women
express their opinions publicly
.
11-20: Literature, Politics, and Print’s Modern Impact
11. How did print culture contribute to the rise of novels in India?
Novels became popular in the
19th century
due to increased literacy.
Indian writers like
Bankim
Chandra Chattopadhyay and
Premchand
became famous.
Novels portrayed
social issues, caste discrimination, and women’s struggles
.
Historical novels inspired
nationalism
.
Print made
regional languages and literature
more popular.
Novels influenced
modern storytelling and cinema
.
12. How has print culture evolved in modern times?
With digital technology, books are now available in
e-books and audiobooks
.
The internet has
replaced traditional newspapers
with online news.
Social media has become a
new form of print culture
.
Despite this, printed books are still widely read.
New technologies like
3D printing
are changing industries.
Print remains important for
education and knowledge-sharing
.
13. How did print culture encourage debates and discussions in society?
Answer:
Print made it easier for
people to express their ideas
and opinions.
Books, newspapers, and pamphlets encouraged
political and social discussions
.
Reformers used print to challenge
traditional customs and injustices
.
Print allowed different views to be shared, leading to
public debates
.
It provided a platform for
scientists, philosophers, and reformers
to communicate.
People could now
question authorities
, which led to movements like
the French Revolution
.
14. How did print technology impact education in India?
Answer:
Books became
cheaper and widely available
, leading to more
schools and libraries
.
Textbooks in
regional languages
helped spread
education
among common people.
Women and lower castes, who were earlier denied education, now had
access to learning materials
.
Print played a major role in the
modernization of India’s education system
.
Scientific and medical books helped
improve knowledge in different fields
.
Universities and institutions benefited from the availability of
printed study materials
.
15. How did print technology influence the Indian independence movement?
Answer:
Newspapers helped create
national awareness
by exposing British exploitation.
Leaders like
Mahatma Gandhi and Bal Gangadhar Tilak
used newspapers to inspire people.
Pamphlets and posters
encouraged people to join
freedom movements
.
The British passed
laws like the Vernacular Press Act (1878)
to suppress nationalist ideas.
Swadeshi movements
promoted boycotts of British goods through print media.
Print played a vital role in
uniting people against British rule
.
16. How did the industrial revolution contribute to the growth of print culture?
Answer:
The invention of
steam-powered printing presses
made printing
faster and cheaper
.
Industrial growth led to an
increase in literacy rates
, creating a demand for books.
Mass production of newspapers and books became possible, reaching a
wider audience
.
More people could afford printed materials, leading to the rise of
popular literature
.
The rise of factories and urbanization created a need for
printed advertisements and posters
.
The working class became aware of their rights through printed materials, leading to
labour
movements
.
17. What role did women play in print culture?
Answer:
Women started reading
novels, newspapers, and magazines
, increasing literacy.
Many women became
writers and poets
, expressing their views through print.
Magazines like
Bamabodhini
Patrika
focused on women's education and rights.
Books on social reforms
challenged child marriage, widow remarriage, and the purdah system.
Women like
Pandita
Ramabai
and
Rokeya
Sakhawat
Hossain
used print to fight for women's empowerment.
The
autobiographies and essays
of women contributed to the spread of feminist ideas.
18. What was the impact of print culture on religious beliefs?
Answer:
Sacred texts
of different religions were printed, making them accessible to common people.
People could now
read and interpret religious texts
by themselves.
The spread of printed religious texts led to
reform movements
within different religions.
Different religious groups used print to
spread their beliefs and gain followers
.
Religious debates became common, sometimes leading to
tensions and conflicts
.
While some religious groups
embraced print culture
, others
feared losing control over knowledge
.
19. How did print culture impact literature in the 19th and 20th centuries?
Answer:
Novels, short stories, and plays
became widely available.
Printing helped in the
growth of regional literature
, as books were published in many languages.
Writers used novels to reflect
social issues like caste discrimination, women’s rights, and poverty
.
Famous Indian authors like
Premchand
,
Bankim
Chandra Chattopadhyay, and Rabindranath Tagore
gained popularity.
The growth of literature encouraged
nationalism and social awareness
.
The habit of reading for leisure became common among the
middle class and working class
.
20. How has print culture changed in the digital age?
Answer:
Traditional print is being replaced by
e-books, online newspapers, and digital content
.
Social media
has become a powerful tool for communication and activism.
Digital printing has
reduced costs and increased accessibility
of books.
Despite digital growth,
printed books and newspapers still have a significant audience
.
New technologies like
3D printing
are being used in industries and medicine.
The internet and mobile phones
have revolutionized the way information is shared and consumed.
