Extra 30 short questions and answers from Chapter: Development of Class 10 CBSE Economics:
1-10: Basic Concepts of Development
What is development?
Ans:
Development refers to the process of improving the quality of life, increasing income, providing better education, healthcare, and creating employment opportunities.
What are the key aspects of development?
Ans:
Key aspects of development include:
Economic growth (increase in income)
Social development (education and health)
Sustainable use of resources
What do different people have different development goals?
Ans:
People have different development goals based on their needs. For example:
A landless farmer wants more employment opportunities.
A businessman wants higher profits.
A worker wants job security and better wages.
What is per capita income?
Ans:
Per capita income is the total income of a country divided by its total population. It is used to compare the economic development of different countries.
Why is per capita income not a reliable indicator of development?
Ans:
Per capita income does not consider:
Income distribution (rich-poor gap)
Quality of life (health, education)
Social and environmental factors
What is the World Bank’s classification of countries based on per capita income?
Ans:
Low-income countries:
Per capita income less than
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Middle-income countries:
Between
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High-income countries:
More than ,845
What is Human Development Index (HDI)?
Ans:
HDI is a measure of a country’s overall development based on:
Income (Per Capita Income)
Education (Literacy Rate, Years of Schooling)
Health (Life Expectancy)
Why is HDI a better measure than per capita income?
Ans:
HDI considers multiple factors like income, education, and health, while per capita income only measures economic status.
Which organization publishes the Human Development Index?
Ans:
The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) publishes the HDI report.
Name any two countries with high and low HDI rankings.
Ans:
High HDI:
Norway, Switzerland
Low HDI:
Chad, Central African Republic
11-20: Sustainable Development & Quality of Life
What is sustainable development?
Ans:
Sustainable development means using natural resources wisely to meet present needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs.
Why is sustainable development important?
Ans:
It ensures:
Conservation of resources
Protection of the environment
Economic growth for future generations
Give two examples of sustainable development practices.
Ans:
Using solar and wind energy instead of fossil fuels
Practicing rainwater harvesting to save water
What are the main causes of environmental degradation?
Ans:
Deforestation
Overuse of fossil fuels
Industrial and plastic pollution
What is the impact of overuse of groundwater?
Ans:
Overuse of groundwater leads to:
Depletion of water resources
Lowering of the water table
Droughts and water shortages
How can we achieve sustainable development?
Ans:
Reducing pollution and waste
Using renewable energy sources
Conserving forests and water
Why is education an important factor in development?
Ans:
Education helps in:
Improving job opportunities
Reducing poverty
Increasing awareness about health and environment
Why is health an important indicator of development?
Ans:
Good health ensures:
Higher productivity
Longer life expectancy
Better quality of life
How does employment contribute to development?
Ans:
Employment:
Provides income and financial security
Reduces poverty and inequality
Leads to economic growth
What are non-renewable and renewable resources? Give examples.
Ans:
Renewable resources:
Can be replenished (e.g., solar energy, wind energy)
Non-renewable resources:
Limited and exhaustible (e.g., coal, petroleum)
21-30: Economic Development & Government Policies
How does infrastructure contribute to development?
Ans:
Infrastructure (roads, electricity, communication) helps in industrial growth, trade, and improving the standard of living.
What is meant by income inequality?
Ans:
Income inequality refers to the unequal distribution of income, where the rich earn much more than the poor.
What are public facilities? Give examples.
Ans:
Public facilities are services provided by the government for people’s welfare, such as:
Education (schools, colleges)
Healthcare (hospitals, vaccination
centers
)
Transport (railways, buses)
How does the government help in economic development?
Ans:
The government helps through:
Infrastructure development
Employment generation
Welfare schemes for the poor
What is the role of technology in development?
Ans:
Technology helps in:
Increasing production in agriculture and industries
Improving communication and transportation
Enhancing education and healthcare
What are the limitations of GDP as a development measure?
Ans:
GDP does not consider:
Quality of life (health, education)
Environmental impact
Income distribution
What is the role of women in economic development?
Ans:
Women’s participation in the economy:
Increases family income
Reduces poverty
Leads to overall national development
Why do some states in India develop faster than others?
Ans:
Development depends on:
Availability of resources
Industrialization and infrastructure
Government policies and education levels
How does investment in human capital help in development?
Ans:
Investment in human capital (education, healthcare) improves productivity, innovation, and economic growth.
How is the development of a country measured?
Ans:
Development is measured by indicators like:
Per capita income
Human Development Index (HDI)
Literacy rate
Life expectancy
