Extra 20 important long questions and answers from Chapter:7 Getting to Know Plants for Class 6 CBSE Science:
1. What are the different types of plants? Give examples.
Ans: Based on their size, shape, and lifespan, plants are classified into:
Herbs
– Small, soft-stemmed plants (e.g., Mint, Spinach).
Shrubs
– Medium-sized plants with woody stems (e.g., Rose, Hibiscus).
Trees
– Tall, strong, and woody plants (e.g., Mango, Neem).
Climbers
– Weak-stemmed plants that need support to grow (e.g., Money plant, Pea).
Creepers
– Plants with weak stems that spread along the ground (e.g., Pumpkin, Watermelon).
2. What is the difference between shrubs, herbs, and trees?
Ans:
|
Feature |
Herbs |
Shrubs |
Trees |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Size |
Small |
Medium |
Tall |
|
Stem |
Soft, green |
Woody but not thick |
Thick and woody |
|
Lifespan |
Short |
Few years |
Many years |
|
Examples |
Mint, Coriander |
Rose, Jasmine |
Mango, Neem |
3. What are the functions of roots?
Ans:
Anchorage
– Holds the plant firmly in the soil.
Absorption
– Absorbs water and minerals from the soil.
Transport
– Carries water and nutrients to the stem.
Storage
– Some roots store food (e.g., Carrot, Beetroot).
Prevention of Soil Erosion
– Binds the soil and prevents erosion.
4. What are the types of root systems? Explain with examples.
Ans:
Taproot System
– One main root grows deep into the soil with smaller side roots (e.g., Mango, Pea).
Fibrous Root System
– Many thin roots arise from the base of the stem and spread out (e.g., Grass, Wheat).
5. What are the functions of the stem?
Ans:
Supports the plant
– Holds leaves, flowers, and fruits.
Transports water and minerals
– Xylem carries water and nutrients.
Transports food
– Phloem distributes food prepared by leaves.
Storage of food
– Some stems store food (e.g., Potato, Sugarcane).
Bears flowers and fruits
– Helps in reproduction.
6. What are the main functions of leaves?
Ans:
Photosynthesis
– Makes food using sunlight, water, and CO₂.
Transpiration
– Removes excess water as vapor.
Exchange of gases
– Oxygen and carbon dioxide pass through stomata.
Storage of food
– Some leaves store food (e.g., Cabbage).
Protection
– Some leaves have spines (e.g., Cactus).
7. Explain the process of photosynthesis.
Ans:
Definition
– Plants prepare food using sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide.
Takes place in
– The green pigment
chlorophyll
in leaves.
Raw materials
– Sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide.
Process
– CO₂ enters through stomata, water is absorbed by roots, and sunlight provides energy.
Product
– Produces
glucose (food)
and
oxygen
.
Equation
–
Sunlight+Water+CO
₂→
Glucose+Oxygen
\
text{
Sunlight} + \text{Water} + \text{CO₂} → \text{Glucose} + \text{Oxygen}
Sunlight+Water+CO
₂→
Glucose+Oxygen
8. What is transpiration? What are its benefits?
Ans:
Definition
– Loss of water in the form of vapor through stomata in leaves.
Cools the plant
– Works like sweating in humans.
Maintains water balance
– Removes excess water.
Helps in nutrient transport
– Creates a pull for water movement.
Improves humidity
– Increases moisture in the air.
Prevents overheating
– Keeps plant temperature stable.
9. What are the parts of a flower? Explain their functions.
Ans:
Sepals
– Protects the bud.
Petals
– Brightly
colored
to attract insects.
Stamens
– Male part, produces pollen.
Carpel (Pistil)
– Female part, develops into fruit after fertilization.
Ovary
– Contains ovules, which become seeds after fertilization.
10. How does a seed germinate?
Ans:
Definition
– The process by which a seed develops into a new plant.
Conditions required
– Water, air, and warmth.
Process
– Seed absorbs water, swells, and breaks open.
Root emergence
– The radicle grows downward to form the root.
Shoot emergence
– The plumule grows upward to form the stem.
11. What is pollination? What are its types?
Ans:
Definition
– Transfer of pollen from stamens to the pistil.
Types:
Self-pollination
– Pollen transfers within the same flower.
Cross-pollination
– Pollen transfers between different flowers.
Agents
– Insects, wind, and water help in pollination.
12. What is seed dispersal? Why is it important?
Ans:
Definition
– The movement of seeds away from the parent plant.
Prevents overcrowding
– Allows better growth.
Reduces competition
– Seeds get enough nutrients.
Increases survival chances
– Grows in different places.
Agents
– Wind, water, animals, and explosion.
13. What are the different types of stems found in plants?
Ans: Stems vary in structure and function. The types include:
Herbaceous stems
– Soft and green stems found in herbs (e.g., Mint, Wheat).
Woody stems
– Hard and thick stems found in trees (e.g., Mango, Neem).
Underground stems
– Some stems grow below the soil and store food (e.g., Ginger, Potato).
Climbing stems
– Weak stems that need support (e.g., Money plant, Grape vine).
Aerial stems
– Stems that grow above the ground and spread (e.g., Strawberry).
14. What are the differences between climbers and creepers? Give examples.
Ans:
|
Feature |
Climbers |
Creepers |
|---|---|---|
|
Stem Strength |
Weak but can grow upwards |
Weak and spread along the ground |
|
Growth Direction |
Vertical with support |
Horizontal on the ground |
|
Tendrils |
Present for support |
Absent |
|
Examples |
Money plant, Pea |
Pumpkin, Watermelon |
15. How do leaves help a plant? Explain their importance.
Ans:
Photosynthesis
– Leaves make food for the plant using sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide.
Transpiration
– Water loss through stomata helps in cooling the plant.
Exchange of gases
– Leaves take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen.
Storage of food
– Some leaves store food (e.g., Spinach, Cabbage).
Protection
– Some leaves have thorns or spines to protect the plant (e.g., Cactus).
16. What is leaf venation? Describe its types with examples.
Ans: The arrangement of veins in a leaf is called venation. It is of two types:
Reticulate venation
– Veins form a network (e.g., Mango,
Peepal
).
Parallel venation
– Veins run parallel to each other (e.g., Grass, Maize).
17. How do different plants adapt to their environment?
Ans:
Desert plants
– Thick stems store water, and leaves are modified into spines (e.g., Cactus).
Aquatic plants
– Floating leaves with waxy coatings prevent waterlogging (e.g., Lotus).
Climbers
– Tendrils help them climb and grow towards sunlight (e.g., Money plant).
Epiphytes
– Grow on other plants but do not harm them (e.g., Orchids).
Alpine plants
– Short plants that survive cold climates (e.g., Pine trees).
18. What is the structure of a flower? Explain with functions of its parts.
Ans: A flower consists of four main parts:
Sepals
– Protect the flower in bud stage.
Petals
– Attract insects for pollination.
Stamens
– The male part of the flower that produces pollen.
Carpel (Pistil)
– The female part of the flower where seeds develop.
19. How does the stem help in the survival of a plant?
Ans:
Support
– Holds leaves, flowers, and fruits upright.
Transport
– Moves water and minerals from roots to leaves.
Food Storage
– Some stems store food (e.g., Potato, Sugarcane).
Photosynthesis
– Some stems make food (e.g., Cactus).
Protection
– Some stems have thorns to protect from animals (e.g., Rose).
20. What are the different ways in which seeds are dispersed? Give examples.
Ans: Seeds are dispersed by:
Wind
– Light seeds are carried by the wind (e.g., Cotton, Dandelion).
Water
– Seeds float and spread through water (e.g., Coconut, Lotus).
Animals
– Seeds stick to fur or are eaten and dispersed (e.g., Mango, Guava).
Explosion
– Some seed pods burst open (e.g., Pea, Balsam).
